A cell which has been genetically modified in comparison with its wild type in such a way that it is capable of forming more 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid from L-valine, as a carbon source, in comparison with its wild type, wherein more 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid is formed from 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-coenzyme A as a precursor, wherein activities of enzymes E8, E60, E61, E79, and E80 are increased in the cell compared to its wild type, wherein:
- E8 is a 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-coenzyme A hydrolase EC 3.1.2.4,
- E60 is an enoyl-coenzyme A hydratase EC 4.2.1.17,
- E61 is a 2-methylacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase EC 1.3.99.12
- E79 is a 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase EC 1.2.4.4, and
- E80 is an amino acid transferase EC 2.6.1.42,
- wherein the cell is an Escherichia coli cell.