Stabilized multi-functional antioxidant compounds and methods of use

A compound of Formula I or Formula II:

• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein:
• R is H, optionally substituted alkyl, or optionally substituted alkoxy;
• R1 and R2 are each independently H, alkyl, or —C(═O)R3;
• R3 is optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted alkoxy;
• L is —(CH2)m—;
• L1 is —CH(R5)— or —C(═O)—;
• L2 is —O— or —NH—;
• R4 is H or optionally substituted alkyl;
• R5 is H, —C(O)OH, or —C(═O)L2 R7;
• R6 is H, —(CH2)nC(═O)R8;
• R7 is H, alkyl, or —(CH2)pC(═O)OH;
• R8 is —OH, —CH3, —CH2C(═O)OH, or —(CH2)w—CH(NH2)—C(═O)OH;
• R9 is H, alkyl, or —C(═O)alkyl;
• m is 1, 2, 3, or 4;
• and
• n, p, and w, are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.