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US 2015/0111673 A1Published application
Sporting goods article
AssigneeIntegran Technologies Inc.
InventorsKlaus Tomantschger, Jonathan McCrea, Nandakumar Nasarajan, Francisco Gonzalez, Gino Palumbo, Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos, Herath Katugaha, Diana Facchini, Jared Victor, Uwe Erb
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Abstract
The fine-grained and/or amorphous metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight sporting goods exposed to thermal cycling although the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) of the metallic layer and the substrate are mismatched.
Claims20
A sporting goods article comprising:
- (i) a polymeric material which at room temperature has a coefficient of linear thermal expansion in the range between 30×10−6 K−1 and 250×10−6 K−1 in at least one direction;
- and
- (ii) a metallic material having a microstructure which is fine-grained with an average grain size between 2 and 500 nm and/or an amorphous microstructure, the metallic material being in the form of a metallic layer having a thickness between 10 microns and 500 microns and a coefficient of linear thermal expansion at room temperature in all directions in the range between −5.0×10−6 K−1 and 25×10−6 K−1;
- (iii) with at least one intermediate layer between the polymeric material and the metallic material;
- (iv) an interface between the polymeric material and one intermediate layer and an interface between one intermediate layer and the metallic material;
- (v) anchoring structures at said interfaces comprising recesses and/or protrusions to increase the interface area and provide enhanced physical bond between adjacent layers;
- (vi) said sporting goods article exhibiting a pull-off strength between the polymeric material and the metallic material exceeding 200 psi as determined by ASTM D4541-02 Method A-E;
- and
- (vii) said sporting goods article or portions thereof containing said metallic material having a yield strength and/or ultimate tensile strength of between 10 and 7,500 MPa and an elastic limit between 0.5 and 30%.
6 more elements
A hockey stick comprising:
- (i) a polymeric material which at room temperature has a coefficient of linear thermal expansion in the range between 30×10−6 K−1 and 250×10−6 K−1 in at least one direction and containing at least one material selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, graphite, graphite fibers, carbon, carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes;
- and
- (ii) a metallic material containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Co, Ni and Fe having a microstructure which is fine-grained with an average grain size between 2 and 500 nm and/or an amorphous microstructure, the metallic material being in the form of a metallic layer having a thickness between 10 microns and 500 microns and a coefficient of linear thermal expansion at room temperature in all directions in the range between −5.0×10−6 K−1 and 25×10−6 K−1;
- (iii) with at least one intermediate layer comprising a polymer and/or at least one intermediate layer which is electrically conductive comprising at least one material selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Co, Ag, and carbon between the polymeric material and the metallic material;
- (iv) an interface between the polymeric material and an intermediate layer and an interface between an intermediate layer and the metallic material;
- (v) anchoring structures at said interfaces comprising recesses and/or protrusions to increase the interface area and provide enhanced physical bond between adjacent layers;
- and
- (vi) said hockey stick exhibiting a pull-off strength between the polymeric material and the metallic material exceeding 200 psi as determined by ASTM D4541-02 Method A-E.
5 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.