First entry model

A simulated tissue structure configured to simulate an abdominal wall, comprising:

• a simulated skin layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a simulated fat layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• the bottom surface of the simulated skin layer overlaying the top surface of the simulated fat layer;
• a first simulated muscle layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a second simulated muscle layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a third layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• the third layer being located between the first and second simulated muscle layers;
• a fourth layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a fifth layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• the bottom surface of the fourth layer overlaying the top surface of the fifth layer;
• a simulated peritoneum layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• the bottom surface of the fifth layer overlaying the top surface of the simulated peritoneum layer.

A surgical simulation system, comprising:

• an abdominal wall model, including:
• a support;
• and
• an artificial anatomical portion configured to simulate a region of an abdominal wall;
• the anatomical portion being connected to the support such that the anatomical portion is penetrable from a first side to a second side of the anatomical portion;
• the anatomical portion including a plurality of simulated tissue layers arranged in juxtaposition with each other;
• the simulated tissue layers including a simulated skin layer located above the remaining layers;
• the simulated skin layer having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• the top surface of the simulated skin layer defining a first side of the anatomical portion;
• a trainer, including:
• a base;
• a top cover having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• the top cover being connected to and spaced apart from the base to define an internal cavity between the top cover and the base;
• the top cover having a first opening;
• wherein the abdominal wall model is removably located inside the first opening;
• the model being connected to the top cover such that penetration of the anatomical portion provides access to the internal cavity of the trainer.