Seal for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell
AssigneeBallard Power Systems Inc.
InventorsKeith M. Martin, Samira Barakat, Emerson R. Gallagher
Life of this patent
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Abstract
In solid polymer fuel cells employing framed membrane electrode assemblies, a conventional anode compliant seal is employed in combination with a cathode non-compliant seal to provide for a thinner fuel cell design, particularly in the context of a fuel cell stack. This approach is particularly suitable for fuel cells operating at low pressure.
Claims13
A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising:
- a membrane electrode assembly comprising an ionomer electrolyte disposed between an anode and a cathode, an anode fluid diffusion layer adjacent the anode, and a cathode fluid diffusion layer adjacent the cathode, wherein the electrolyte extends beyond the edges of the anode, cathode, and diffusion layers;
- anode and cathode separator plates adjacent the anode and cathode fluid diffusion layers, respectively;
- a frame around the periphery of the membrane electrode assembly comprising an anode frame piece attached at its inner periphery to the edge of the anode fluid diffusion layer and at its outer periphery to the extended electrolyte, and a cathode frame piece attached at its inner periphery to the edge of the cathode fluid diffusion layer and at its outer periphery to the extended electrolyte;
- seals at the edge of the framed membrane electrode assembly for fluidly separating the anode from the cathode and for fluidly separating both the anode and the cathode from the surrounding environment;
- wherein the seals consist essentially of:
- a compliant seal between the anode frame piece and the anode separator plate;
- and
- a non-compliant seal between the cathode frame piece and the cathode separator plate.
A method of sealing a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the fuel cell comprising a membrane electrode assembly comprising an ionomer electrolyte disposed between an anode and a cathode, an anode fluid diffusion layer adjacent the anode, and a cathode fluid diffusion layer adjacent the cathode wherein the electrolyte extends beyond the edges of the anode, cathode, and diffusion layers;
- anode and cathode separator plates adjacent the anode and cathode fluid diffusion layers respectively;
- a frame around the periphery of the membrane electrode assembly comprising an anode frame piece attached at its inner periphery to the edge of the anode fluid diffusion layer and at its outer periphery to the extended electrolyte, and a cathode frame piece attached at its inner periphery to the edge of the cathode fluid diffusion layer and at its outer periphery to the extended electrolyte;
- the method comprising:
- providing a compliant seal between the anode frame piece and the anode separator plate;
- and
- providing a non-compliant seal between the cathode frame piece and the cathode separator plate;
- wherein the non-compliant seal has a leak rate to the surrounding environment that is higher than that of the compliant seal.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.