Gas-selective polymer derived ceramic membranes, gas separation systems, and methods
AssigneeMelior Innovations, Inc.
InventorsYi Tan, Walter Sherwood, Andrew R. Hopkins
Life of this patent
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Abstract
There is provided polymer derived ceramic materials, to make porous polymeric derived ceramic membranes. These polymeric derived ceramic membranes are useful for separating gas and in particular for the generation of hydrogen. Hydrogen separation devices and power generation devices use the present polymeric derived ceramic membranes.
Claims147
A hydrogen separation device, the device comprising:
- a. a pressure vessel having a gas inlet and a gas outlet;
- b. the pressure vessel defining a chamber, in fluid communication with the gas inlet and gas outlet;
- and,
- c. the chamber containing a porous polymeric derived ceramic media.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 1 nanometer.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.5 nanometers.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.4 nanometers.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.3 nanometers.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.33 nanometers.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 1 nanometer and the ceramized polymer comprises a material resulting from the pyrolysis of a polymeric precursor comprising a backbone having the formula-R1—Si—C—C—Si—O—Si—C—C—Si—R2—, where R1 and R2 comprise materials selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyl, vinyl and allyl.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.5 nanometers and wherein the precursor is selected from the group consisting of methyl hydrogen, siloxane backbone additive, vinyl substituted and vinyl terminated polydimethyl siloxane, vinyl substituted and hydrogen terminated polydimethyl siloxane, allyl terminated polydimethyl siloxane, silanol terminated polydimethyl siloxane, hydrogen terminated polydimethyl siloxane, vinyl terminated diphenyl dimethyl polysiloxane, hydroxyl terminated diphenyl dimethyl polysiloxane, hydride terminated diphenyl dimethyl polysiloxane, styrene vinyl benzene dimethyl polysiloxane, and tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane.
A porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.5 nanometers and the precursor comprising a material having the formula:
- wherein A1, is about 0% to about 100% of the total chain, wherein A2 is about 0% to about 100% of the total chain, and wherein An is about 0% to about 100% of the total chain, and wherein n is an integer from 0 to 15, and wherein A1, A2 and An, and An+1 are different structures, and wherein R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of triethoxy methyl, diethoxy methyl phenyl silane, diethoxy methyl hydride silane, diethoxy methyl vinyl silane, dimethyl ethoxy vinyl silane, diethoxy dimethyl silane, ethoxy dimethyl phenyl silane, diethoxy dihydride silane, triethoxy phenyl silane, diethoxy hydride trimethyl siloxane, diethoxy methyl trimethyl siloxane, trimethyl ethoxy silane, diphenyl diethoxy silane, and dimethyl ethoxy hydride siloxane.
A method of separating a predetermined gas from a mixture of gases, the method comprising passing the mixture of gases at a temperature and at a pressure through a membrane selected from the group consisting of the materials of claim thirty two, claim forty, claim sixty five, claim seventy four, claim seventy five and claim seventy six.
A method of separating a hydrogen gas from a mixture of gases, the method comprising passing the mixture of gases at an inlet temperature and at an inlet pressure through a hydrogen separation device selected from the group consisting of the devices of claim one, claim two, claim three, claim five, claim fourteen, claim seventeen and claim twenty seven.
A gas separation system comprising a membrane comprising a material selected from the group consisting of:
- a. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 1 nanometer;
- b. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.5 nanometers;
- c. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.4 nanometers;
- d. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.3 nanometers;
- e. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.33 nanometers;
- f. a hydrogen selective porous polymeric derived ceramic material;
- g. a nitrogen selective porous polymeric derived ceramic material;
- h. a carbon dioxide selective porous polymeric derived ceramic material;
- i. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 1 nanometer and the ceramized polymer comprises a material resulting from the pyrolysis of a polymeric precursor comprising a backbone having the formula-R1—Si—C—C—Si—O—Si—C—C—Si—R2—, where R1 and R2 comprise materials selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyl, vinyl and allyl;
- j. a porous polymeric derived ceramic wherein the pour size is less than about 0.8 nanometer;
- k. a porous polymeric derived ceramic, wherein the pour size is less than about 0.5 nanometers;
- l. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material, wherein the pour size is less than about 0.4 nanometers;
- m. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material, wherein the pour size is less than about 0.3 nanometers;
- n. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material, wherein the pour size is less than about 0.33 nanometers;
- o. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a means for creating porosity;
- p. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material, comprising a means for creating porosity, wherein the means is present before pyrolysis and absent after pyrolysis;
- q. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material, comprising a means for creating porosity, wherein the means is present before pyrolysis and after pyrolysis;
- r. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a means for creating a porosity, wherein the means for creating a porosity comprises a precursor comprising a material having functional groups selected from the group consisting of methyl, vinyl, hydride, and OH substitution, whereby the functional group at least in part determines a porosity characteristic of the media;
- s. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a means for creating a porosity, wherein the means for creating a porosity comprises a gas generation means;
- t. a porous polymeric derived ceramic comprising a means for creating a porosity, wherein the means for creating a porosity comprises a material for the generation of a gas, whereby a vaporized organic selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and acrylic is generated during the pyrolysis process;
- u. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a means for creating a porosity, wherein the means for creating a porosity comprises a material for the generation of a gas, whereby a vaporized organic selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and acrylic is generated during the curing and pyrolysis processes;
- v. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a means for creating a porosity, wherein the means for creating a porosity comprises a high carbon content polymer, whereby regions of graphite are oxidized away to create small pores.
- w. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.5 nanometers and wherein the precursor is selected from the group consisting of methyl hydrogen, siloxane backbone additive, vinyl substituted and vinyl terminated polydimethyl siloxane, vinyl substituted and hydrogen terminated polydimethyl siloxane, allyl terminated polydimethyl siloxane, silanol terminated polydimethyl siloxane, hydrogen terminated polydimethyl siloxane, vinyl terminated diphenyl dimethyl polysiloxane, hydroxyl terminated diphenyl dimethyl polysiloxane, hydride terminated diphenyl dimethyl polysiloxane, styrene vinyl benzene dimethyl polysiloxane, and tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane;
- and,
- x. a porous polymeric derived ceramic material comprising a ceramized polymer derived from a precursor, and having an open pour structure having a pour size of less than about 0.5 nanometers and the precursor comprising a material having the formula:
- wherein A1, is about 0% to about 100% of the total chain, wherein A2 is about 0% to about 100% of the total chain, and wherein An is about 0% to about 100% of the total chain, and wherein n is an integer from 0 to 15, and wherein A1, A2 and An, and An+1 are different structures, and wherein R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of triethoxy methyl, diethoxy methyl phenyl silane, diethoxy methyl hydride silane, diethoxy methyl vinyl silane, dimethyl ethoxy vinyl silane, diethoxy dimethyl silane, ethoxy dimethyl phenyl silane, diethoxy dihydride silane, triethoxy phenyl silane, diethoxy hydride trimethyl siloxane, diethoxy methyl trimethyl siloxane, trimethyl ethoxy silane, diphenyl diethoxy silane, and dimethyl ethoxy hydride siloxane.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.