Gga and gga derivatives compositions thereof and methods for treating neurodegenerative diseases including paralysis including them
AssigneeCoyote Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
InventorsHiroaki Serizawa, Ankush B. Argade, Akash Datwani, Natalie Spencer, Yonghua Pan, Florian Ermini
Life of this patent
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Abstract
This invention relates to geranylgeranyl acetone (GGA) derivatives and the use of GGA, its isomers, and GGA derivatives in methods for inhibiting neural death, increasing neural activity, increasing axon growth and cell viability, and increasing the survival rate of subjects administered the GGA or GGA derivatives.
Claims33
A compound of Formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V):
- or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
- n1 is 1 or 2;
- n is 0, 1 or 2;
- m is 0 or 1;
- Q1 is —(C═O)—, —(C═S)—, or —S(O2)—;
- Q2 is hydrogen, R6, —O—R6, —NR7R8, or is a chiral moiety;
- Q3 is —OH, —NR22R23—X—CO—NR24R25, —X—CS—NR24R25, or —X—SO2—NR24R25;
- Q4 is selected from the group consisting of:
- Q5 is —C(═O)H, —CO2H or an ester or acyl halide thereof, wherein the ester is optionally substituted with —CO-phenyl;
- a 6-10 membered aryl or a 5-14 membered heteroaryl or heterocycle containing up to 6 ring heteroatoms, wherein the heteroatom is selected from the group consisting of O, N, S, and oxidized forms of N and S, and further wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents selected from the group consisting of:
- hydroxy, oxo, —N(R40)2, C1-C6 alkoxy group, and C1-C6 alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents selected from hydroxy, NH2, —CO2H or an ester or an amide thereof,
- a 5-9 membered heteroaryl containing up to 3 ring heteroatoms, wherein the heteroaryl is optionally substituted with 1-3 hydroxy, —N(R40)2, and C1-C6 alkyl group,
- benzyl, and phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, hydroxy, and halo groups;
- and
- when Q5 is present:
- R5 and Q5 together with the intervening carbon atoms form a 6 membered aryl ring, or a 5-8 membered cycloalkenyl ring, or a 5-14 membered heteroaryl or heterocycle, wherein each aryl, cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, or heterocycle, ring is optionally substituted with 1-2 substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, oxo, —N(R40)2, and C1-C6 alkyl;
- Q6 is selected from the group consisting of:
- X is —O—, —S—, —NR26—, or —CR27R28;
- when X1 is bonded via a single bond, X1 is —O—, —NR31—, or —CR32R33—, and when X1 is bonded via a double bond, X1 is —CR32—;
- when X2 is bonded via a single bond, X2 is —O—, —NR52—, or —CR53R54—, and when X2 is bonded via a double bond, X2 is —CR53—;
- Y1 is hydrogen, —OH or —O—R10,
- Y2 is —OH, —OR11 or —NHR12, or Y1 and Y2 are joined to form an oxo group (═O), an imine group (═NR13), a oxime group (═N—OR14), or a substituted or unsubstituted vinylidene (═CR16R17);
- Y11 is hydrogen, —OH or —OR55;
- Y22 is —OH, —OR56, —NHR57, or —O—CO—NR58R59, or Y11 and Y22 are joined to form an oxo group (═O), an imine group (═NR60), a oxime group (═N—OR61), or a substituted or unsubstituted vinylidene (═CR63R64);
- each R1 and R2 are independently C1-C6 alkyl, or R1 and R2 together with the carbon atom they are attached to form a C5-C7 cycloalkyl ring optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- each of R3, R4, and R5 independently are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- R6 is:
- C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted with —CO2H or an ester thereof, C1-C6 alkoxy, oxo, —OH, —CR═CR2, —CCR, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C6-C10aryl, C2-C10heteroaryl, wherein each R independently is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- CO—C1-C6 alkyl;
- C3-C10 cycloalkyl;
- C3-C8 heterocyclyl;
- C6-C10 aryl;
- or
- C2-C10 heteroaryl;
- wherein each cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with 1-3 alkyl groups;
- —CF3, 1-3 halo, preferably, chloro or fluoro, groups;
- 1-3 nitro groups;
- 1-3 C1-C6 alkoxy groups;
- —CO-phenyl;
- or —NR18R19;
- each R7 and R8 are independently hydrogen or defined as R6;
- R10 is C1-C6 alkyl;
- R11 and R12 are independently C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, —CO2R15, or —CON(R15)2, or R10 and R11 together with the intervening carbon atom and oxygen atoms form a heterocycle optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- R13 is C1-C6 alkyl or C3-C10cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- R14 is hydrogen, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, or C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with a —CO2H or an ester thereof or a C6-C10 aryl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, or a C3-C8 heterocyclyl, wherein each cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or aryl, is optionally substituted with 1-3 alkyl groups;
- each R15 independently are hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents selected from the group consisting of —CO2H or an ester thereof, aryl, or C3-C8 heterocyclyl, or two R15 groups together with the nitrogen atom they are bonded to form a 5-7 membered heterocycle;
- R16 is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- R17 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with 1-3 hydroxy groups, —CHO, or is CO2H or an ester thereof;
- each R18 and R19 independently is hydrogen;
- C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted with —CO2H or an ester thereof, C1-C6 alkoxy, oxo, —CR═CR2, —CCR, C3-C10 preferably C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C6-C10 aryl, or C2-C10 heteroaryl, wherein each R independently is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- C3-C10 cycloalkyl;
- C3-C8 heterocyclyl;
- C6-C10 aryl;
- or C2-C10 heteroaryl;
- wherein each cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with 1-3 alkyl groups, optionally substituted with 1-3 halo, preferably, fluoro, groups, or where R18 and R19 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached to form a 5-7 membered heterocycle;
- each R22 and R23 independently is hydrogen;
- C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted with C1-C6 alkoxy;
- and C3-C10 cycloalkyl;
- each R24 and R25 independently is hydrogen;
- C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted with —CO2H or an ester thereof, C1-C6 alkoxy, oxo, —CR═CR2, —CCR, C3-C10 preferably C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C6-C10 aryl, or C2-C10 heteroaryl, wherein each R independently is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- C3-C10 cycloalkyl;
- C3-C8 heterocyclyl;
- C6-C10 aryl;
- or C2-C10 heteroaryl;
- wherein each cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with 1-3 alkyl groups, optionally substituted with 1-3 halo, preferably, fluoro, groups, or R24 and R25 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached to form a 5-7 membered heterocycle;
- R26 is hydrogen or together with R24 or R25 and the intervening atoms form a 5-7 membered heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- each R27 and R28 independently are hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, —COR81 or —CO2R81, or R27 together with R24 or R25 and the intervening atoms form a 5-7 membered heterocyclyl ring optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- R30 is C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with 1-3 alkoxy or 1-5 halo group, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, or C2-C10 heteroaryl, wherein each cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups, or wherein each aryl or heteroaryl is independently substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl or nitro groups, or R30 is —NR34R35;
- R31 is hydrogen or together with R30 and the intervening atoms form a 5-7 membered ring optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- each R32 and R33 independently are hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, —COR81 or —CO2R81, or R32 together with R30 and the intervening atoms form a 5-7 membered cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring optionally substituted with oxo or 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- each R34 and R35 independently is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted with —CO2H or an ester thereof, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C6-C10 aryl, or C2-C10 heteroaryl, or is C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C6-C10 aryl, or C2-C10 heteroaryl, wherein each cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with 1-3 alkyl groups, or R34 and R35 together with the nitrogen atom they are attached to form a 5-7 membered heterocycle;
- each R40 independently is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- R51 is C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with 1-3 alkoxy or 1-5 halo groups, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C6-C10 aryl, C2-C10 heteroaryl, or —NR65R66, wherein each cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with 1-3 Cr C6 alkyl groups, and wherein each aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted independently with 1-3 nitro and Cr C6 alkyl groups;
- R52 is hydrogen or together with R51 and the intervening atoms form a 5-7 membered ring optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- each R53 and R54 independently are hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, —COR81, —CO2R81, or —CONHR82, or R53 together with R51 and the intervening atoms form a 5-7 membered cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- R55 is C1-C6 alkyl;
- each R56 and R57 independently are C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C10cycloalkyl, —CO2R62, or —CON(R62)2;
- or R55 and R56 together with the intervening carbon atom and oxygen atoms form a heterocycle optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
- R58 is:
- C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with —OH, CO2H or an ester thereof, or C3-C10 cycloalkyl,
- R59 is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- R60 is C1-C6 alkyl or C3-C10 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1-3 C1-C6 alkyl groups, or is:
- R61 is hydrogen, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, or C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with a —CO2H or an ester thereof or a C6-C10 aryl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10cycloalkyl, or a C3-C8 heterocyclyl, wherein each cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or aryl, is optionally substituted with 1-3 alkyl groups;
- each R62 independently are hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents selected from the group consisting of —CO2H or an ester thereof, aryl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, or two R62 groups together with the nitrogen atom they are bonded to form a 5-7 membered heterocycle;
- R63 is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
- R64 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl substituted with 1-3 hydroxy groups, —CHO, or is CO2H or an ester thereof;
- one or both of R65 and R66 independently are hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, optionally substituted with —CO2H or an ester thereof, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C2-C10 aryl, or C2-C10 heteroaryl, or is C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocyclyl, C6-C10aryl, or C2-C10 heteroaryl, wherein each cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with 1-3 alkyl groups, or R65 and R66 gether with the nitrogen atom they are bonded to form a 5-7 membered heterocycle, and if only one of R65 and R66 are defined as above, then the other one is
- R81 is C1-C6 alkyl;
- and
- R82 is:
- provided that, when X2 is bonded via a single bond, and R53 or R54 is not CONHR82, Y11 and Y22 are joined to form an imine group (═NR60), and R60 is:
- or Y22 is —O—CO—NR58R59;
- or provided that, when Q6 is:
- and R53 is not —CONHR82, Y22 is —O—CO—NR58R59;
- or provided that, when Q6 is —O—CO—NR65R66, then at least one of R65 and R66 is:
A novel compound of Table 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
A composition for increasing the expression and/or release of one or more neurotransmitters from a neuron at risk of developing pathogenic protein aggregates associated with AD or ALS, said composition comprising a protein aggregate inhibiting amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
A composition for increasing the expression and/or release of one or more neurotransmitters from a neuron at risk of developing extracellular pathogenic protein aggregates, said composition comprising an extracellular protein aggregate inhibiting amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
A method for:
- (i) neuroprotection of neurons at risk of neural damage or death,
- (ii) increasing the axon growth of a neuron,
- (iii) inhibiting the cell death of a neuron susceptible to neuronal cell death,
- (iv) increasing the neurite growth of a neuron, or
- (v) neurostimulation comprising increasing the expression and/or the release of one or more neurotransmitters from a neuron,
- the method comprising contacting said neurons with an effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative or a GGA derivative.
The method of claim 10, wherein said pre-contacted neuron exhibits one or more of:
- (i) a reduction in the axon growth ability,
- (ii) a reduced expression level of one or more neurotransmitters,
- (iii) a reduction in the formation of synapses, and
- (iv) a reduction in electrical excitability.
A method for inhibiting the loss of cognitive abilities in a mammal that is at risk of dementia or suffering from incipient or partial dementia while retaining some cognitive skills which method comprises contacting said neuron with an effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
A method for inhibiting the death of neurons due to formation of or further formation of pathogenic protein aggregates either between, outside or inside neurons, wherein said method comprises contacting said neurons at risk of developing said pathogenic protein aggregates with a protein aggregate inhibiting amount of GGA or a GGA derivative, provided that said pathogenic protein aggregates are not related to SBMA.
A method for inhibiting the neurotoxicity of β-amyloid peptide by contacting the β-amyloid peptide with an effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
A method for increasing neural activity and/or inhibiting neural death in a mammal suffering from a neural disease, wherein the etiology of said neural disease comprises formation of protein aggregates which are pathogenic to neurons which method comprises administering to said mammal an amount of GGA or a GGA derivative, which will inhibit further pathogenic protein aggregation provided that said pathogenic protein aggregation is not intranuclear.
A method for increasing neural activity and/or inhibiting neural death in a mammal suffering from ALS or AD, wherein the etiology of said ALS or AD comprises formation of protein aggregates which are pathogenic to neurons which method comprises administering to said mammal an amount of GGA or a GGA derivative, which will inhibit further pathogenic protein aggregation provided that said pathogenic protein aggregation is not related to SBMA.
A method for preventing neural death during seizures in a mammal in need thereof, which method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
A method for prolonging the survival of a subject with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
A method for reducing mortality of a subject with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
A method of increasing ambulatory competence in a mammal exhibiting deficient ambulatory competence, the method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative to the mammal in need thereof.
A method of increasing motor performance in a mammal exhibiting deficient motor performance, the method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative to the mammal in need thereof.
A method of reducing the progressive degeneration of motor function, or improving motor function in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative, wherein the progressive degeneration of motor function or a worsening motor function requiring improvement is caused at least in part by oxidative neuronal damage.
A method for increasing the expression of a heat shock protein or mRNA in a cell comprising contacting the cell with a therapeutically effective amount of GGA or a GGA derivative.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.