# US 2014/0360451 A1 · Marine Engine Lubrication

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- Number: US 2014/0360451 A1
- Document ID: US20140360451A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/911,114
- Filed: 2013-06-06
- Published: 2014-12-11
- Earliest claimed: 2013-06-06
- Inventors: James C. Dodd
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140360451A1

## CPC

- C10M 129/54: containing hydroxy groups
- C10M 129/10: having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C10M 159/20: Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
- C10M 159/22: containing phenol radicals
- C10M 159/24: containing sulfonic radicals
- C10M 2207/023: having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M 2207/024: having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
- C10M 2207/027: Neutral salts thereof
- C10M 2207/028: Overbased salts thereof
- C10M 2207/144: containing hydroxy groups
- C10M 2207/262: derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
- C10M 2219/046: Overbased sulfonic acid salts
- C10M 2223/045: Metal containing thio derivatives
- C10M 2227/061: Esters derived from boron
- C10N 2030/04: Detergent property or dispersant property
- C10N 2030/06: Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
- C10N 2030/08: Resistance to extreme temperature
- C10N 2030/52: {Base number [TBN]}
- C10N 2040/252: {Diesel engines}
- C10M: LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS (well drilling compositions C09K8/02); USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION (mould release, i.e. separating, agents for metals B22C3/00, for plastics or substances in a plastic state, in general B29C33/56, for glass C03B40/02; textile lubricating compositions D06M11/00, D06M13/00, D06M15/00; immersion oils for microscopy G02B21/33)
- C10N: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS

## Abstract

A two-stroke, cross-head, slow-speed, compression-ignited marine engine is operated by (i) fuelling it with a diesel fuel, as a pilot fuel, and with a low sulphur fuel, as a main fuel; and (ii) lubricating the engine cylinder(s) with a lubricant having a BN of 20 or less and having a detergent additive system comprising one or more different metal detergents having a surfactant group selected from phenate, salicylate and sulphonate, or one or more complex metal detergents containing two or more different surfactant soap groups selected from phenate, salicylate and sulphonate, and a distilled cashew nut shell liquid or hydrogenated distilled cashew nut shell liquid.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of operating a two-stroke, cross-head slow-speed compression-ignited engine comprising
(i) fuelling the engine with a diesel fuel, as a pilot fuel, and with a low sulphur fuel, as a main fuel; and
(ii) lubricating the cylinder(s) of the engine with a cylinder lubricant having a base number (BN) of 20 mg KOH/g or less, comprising a detergent additive system comprising one or more metal detergents having a surfactant selected from phenate, salicylate and sulphonate, or one or more complex metal detergents containing two or more different surfactant soap groups selected from phenate, salicylate and sulphonate, and comprising 1-5 mass %, based on the lubricant mass of one or more phenolic compounds comprising distilled cashew nut shell liquid or hydrogenated distilled cashew nut shell liquid.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylinder lubricant also comprises a zinc- and boron-containing antiwear system.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phenolic compound(s) comprises hydrogenated distilled cashew nut shell liquid.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hydrogenated distilled cashew nut shell liquid is hydrogenated cardanol.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, where the phenolic compound(s) comprise 3-pentadecylphenol and 3-pentadecylresorcinol.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal is calcium.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low sulphur fuel is liquefied natural gas (‘LNG’) or compressed natural gas.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, where the detergent system comprises one or more overbased calcium phenates.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, where the cylinder lubricant has a base number (BN) of 15 mg KOH/g or less.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel includes more than 50% of main fuel and less than 50% of pilot fuel.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the fuel includes more than 60% of main fuel.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

A method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the fuel includes more than 90% of main fuel.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the main fuel is a low sulphur gaseous fuel.