US 2014/0275418 A1Published application

Method and substrate for covalent attachment and encapsulation of biological, chemical and physical substances

AssigneeHristem Mitkov Dyanov

InventorsHristem Mitkov Dyanov, Paoula Hristemova Dyanova

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Abstract

The invention describes methodological approach for preparation of variable compositions of multi-component derivatization mixtures containing silanes, cyclic molecular compounds (silanes, hydrocarbons, silane-carbons and their derivatives) and other molecular components with certain repellant- and optical properties (as separate molecular substances or as molecular substitutes within the silanes and/or the cyclic compound molecules). Such methodological approach offers better flexibility for water-repellant mixtures preparation in achieving high water-repellant (hydrophobic) properties, durability and long-lasting (permanent) bonding for specific surface applications and for preparation of other subsequent types of repellant, attachment and impregnation compositions used serve practical biological, mechanical and/or industrial purposes.

Claims10

Dependent claims

Variable chemical compositions in a form of solutions, mixtures, suspensions or gels said composition containing combinations of any one-, two or more of the following components, where the existence of a Component Type-1 is obligatory:

(Components Type-1), from 0.001% to 99,999% by volume of a silane, siloxane, organo-silane (carbon-silane) or hydro-carbon including substituted 1, 2, 3, or 4 of the following—highly-reactive halogen atoms (such as F [fluorine], Cl [chlorine], I [iodine] and Br [bromine]) and/or the following reactive chemical groups:
azido-, acetylene-, mercapto-, sulfonate-, thiol-, methoxy-, methacryloxy-—at any particular single atom of one-, more- or all silicone- (Si) and/or carbon-(C) atoms of the substituted molecule of compound Type-1, i.e. from one up to four substitutions may be present at at-least one silicone- or carbon atom, however as maximum as all silicone atoms in a particular substituted molecule may be substituted with halogen atoms or the mentioned reactive chemical groups as a matter of particular choice according to the general chemistry principles and depending upon particular applications—the chemical formula for the substituted silanes used as a Components Type-1 being schematically represented by Xn—[Sil]—Rm, where “R” is a hydrocarbon group (preferably alkyl-, aryl- or else);
the reactive chemical group (atom) is represented by “X”, where “X”-substitution represents any of the following chemical groups—halogen-, azido-, acetylene-, mercapto-, sulfonate-, thiol-, methoxy-, methacryloxy-;
“n” and “m” corresponds to the total number of substitutions containing “n”-count reactive groups (atoms) and “m”-count hydrocarbons (alkyl-, aryl-, alicyclic- or else groups), “[Sil]” in the formula stands for “silane” in which one or more silicone (Si) atoms are present within the silane molecule and each of them may contain chemical group substitution;
(Components Type-2), (applicable but not obligatory) is used in final concentrations from 0.001% to 99,999% by volume of cyclic-silane, -siloxane, -hydrocarbon and/or their cyclic derivatives—substituted or not—by halogen atom(s);
Components Type-3, used in final concentrations from 0.001% to 99,999% by volume, which may be utilized as applicable but not obligatory, being any other chemical and/or physical substance exhibiting certain desired or bi-functional molecular properties, and/or exhibits high affinity to react with and substitute a halogen- and/or other element from the silane molecule (some, but not only, examples of the latest being —H, —OH, C═C, C≡C, Metal-containing molecules and else) and/or so-called composite carriers—preferred nano(micro)-layer composite carriers that are relatively insoluble in the engulfing (surrounding) medium, being substances having hydroxyl- or else chemical groups on their surface capable of reacting in a strong manner with the Compound-1 silanes creating nanolayer composites.

3 more elements

A method for assembling nano-coating and derivatization solutions and mixtures, said method comprising the essential approach of combining (pre-mixing) at ambient conditions any of one-, two- and/or multi-component solutions containing silanes, cyclic molecular compounds (silanes, hydrocarbons, silane-carbons and their derivatives) and other monomer-type molecular components (existing as separate molecular substances or as molecular substitutes within the silanes and/or the cyclic compound molecules) being utilized as a single-type chemical substances—in a pure- or diluted form;

thus the method process includes the approach of initial molecular distribution and interactions of all the monomer-type components (halogenated- or substituted with other-type highly-reactive chemical groups such as azido-, acetylene-, mercapto-, sulfonate-, thiol-, methoxy-, methacryloxy- and/or cyclic molecular compounds) in the pre-mixes and the absorption (adherence) capabilities of the Si-atom, which all further contribute to the surface attachment formation of the ultra-thin (nano-)layers bearing desired and designed properties;
said method itself utilize random and spontaneous reaction of the combined monomer molecular substance with the (organo)halogen-silanes and with water (hydrolysis) [and/or solvent-alcohol(s), and/or other hydroxyl-group-bearing compounds when used] resulting in variety of chemical products some of which produce silanols, which, using or not HCl- or else catalysis, lead directly to further reacted oligomers or polymer siloxanes completing the repellant layer formation via directed- (designed-) and/or random chemical reactions finally resulting in a two- or three-dimensional formation of ultrathin layers upon surface-application;
said method and approach comprises high (design) flexibility for coating- and derivatization-mixtures preparation in achieving both highly flexible-upon-design properties for specific surface/environment applications and for the preparation of other subsequent types of surfacing and/or impregnation derivatization solutions (mixes) by the means of strong covalent (permanent) bonding.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.