Engineered liver tissues, arrays thereof, and methods of making the same

An engineered, living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct comprising:

• one or more layers, each layer comprising one or more liver cell types, the one or more layers cohered to form a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct, the construct characterized by having at least one of:
• a. at least one layer comprising a plurality of cell types, the cell types spatially arranged relative to each other to create a planar geometry;
• and
• b. a plurality of layers, at least one layer compositionally or architecturally distinct from at least one other layer to create a laminar geometry.

An engineered, living, three dimensional liver tissue construct comprising:

• a. a plurality of layers, each layer comprising cylindrical bio-ink, the bio-ink axially-aligned substantially in parallel, the bio-ink comprising parenchymal liver cells;
• and
• b. optionally, non-parenchymal cells within or among the cylindrical bio-ink;
• and
• c. optionally, void spaces among the cylindrical bio-ink.

An array of engineered living, three-dimensional liver tissue constructs, each construct comprising:

• one or more layers, each layer comprising one or more liver cell types, the one or more layers cohered to form a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct, each construct characterized by having at least one of:
• a. at least one layer comprising a plurality of cell types, the cell types spatially arranged relative to each other to create a planar geometry;
• and
• b. a plurality of layers, at least one layer compositionally or architecturally distinct from at least one other layer to create a laminar geometry.

An array of engineered living, three-dimensional tissue constructs, wherein at least one of the constructs is a liver tissue construct, each liver tissue construct comprising:

• one or more layers, each layer comprising one or more liver cell types, the one or more layers cohered to form a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct, the liver tissue construct characterized by having at least one of:
• a. at least one layer comprising a plurality of cell types, the cell types spatially arranged relative to each other to create a planar geometry;
• and
• b. a plurality of layers, at least one layer compositionally or architecturally distinct from at least one other layer to create a laminar geometry.

A method of fabricating a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct comprising:

• a. preparing one or more bio-inks comprising non-parenchymal cells;
• b. preparing one or more bio-inks comprising parenchymal cells;
• c. depositing the bio-inks onto a support;
• and
• d. incubating the deposited bio-inks for a duration of about 1 hour to about 30 days to form a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct comprising at least one compartment, the compartment comprising an interior comprising parenchymal cells confined by a border comprising non-parenchymal cells.

A method of fabricating an engineered living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct comprising:

• a. preparing one or more bio-inks comprising liver cells;
• b. depositing the one or more bio-inks onto a support;
• and
• c. incubating the one or more deposited bio-inks for a duration of about 1 hour to about 30 days;
• wherein the construct comprises one or more layers, each layer comprising one or more cell types, the one or more layers cohered to form a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct.

A method of constructing a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct comprising:

• a. preparing one or more cohered multicellular aggregates comprising mammalian liver cells;
• b. placing said one or more cohered multicellular aggregates onto a support to form at least one of:
• i. at least one layer comprising a plurality of cell types, the cell types spatially arranged relative to each other to create a planar geometry;
• and
• ii. a plurality of layers, at least one layer compositionally or architecturally distinct from at least one other layer to create a laminar geometry;
• c. incubating said one or more multicellular aggregates for a duration of about 1 hour to about 30 days to allow them to cohere and to form a living, three-dimensional liver tissue construct.