Systems, methods, and media for creating metallization for solar cells

A method for forming metallization on a substrate, the method comprising:

• causing a rotating target to rotate at a predetermined speed;
• causing a first laser to emit a laser pulse that impinges the rotating target at a first location, wherein upon impinging the rotating target the laser pulse causes a plume of material to be ablated from the rotating target toward a surface of a substrate disposed below the rotating target, wherein a surface of the substrate is substantially parallel to the path of the laser pulse just prior to impinging the rotating target;
• causing a continuous laser beam emitted by a second laser to be aimed toward a first location on the surface of the substrate such that the continuous laser beam passes through the plume of ablated material and heats clusters in the plume of ablated material prior to the clusters landing on the surface of the substrate;
• and
• causing the continuous laser beam emitted by the second laser to be aimed toward a second location on the surface of the substrate having deposited clusters from the plume of ablated material that have landed on the surface of the substrate such that the continuous laser beam further heats the deposited clusters together forming a metallization line on the surface of the substrate.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing computer executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method for forming metallization on a substrate, the method comprising:

• causing a rotating target to rotate at a predetermined speed;
• causing a first laser to emit a laser pulse that impinges the rotating target at a first location, wherein upon impinging the rotating target the laser pulse causes a plume of material to be ablated from the rotating target toward a surface of a substrate disposed below the rotating target, wherein a surface of the substrate is substantially parallel to the path of the laser pulse just prior to impinging the rotating target;
• causing a continuous laser beam emitted by a second laser to be aimed toward a first location on the surface of the substrate such that the continuous laser beam passes through the plume of ablated material and heats clusters in the plume of ablated material prior to the clusters landing on the surface of the substrate;
• and
• causing the continuous laser beam emitted by the second laser to be aimed toward a second location on the surface of the substrate having deposited clusters from the plume of ablated material that have landed on the surface of the substrate such that the continuous laser beam further heats the deposited clusters together forming a metallization line on the surface of the substrate.