Memory controller, method of operating the same and memory system including the same

An operation method of a memory controller controlling a nonvolatile memory device having a plurality of memory blocks comprising:

• (a) performing a read operation on one of the plurality of the memory blocks using a first read voltage;
• (b) receiving data from the nonvolatile memory device;
• (c) determining whether a bit error rate of the data is less than a predetermined value;
• (d) if the bit error rate is determined as not being less than the predetermined value, determining whether the first read voltage is within a reclaim prohibition range;
• and
• (e) depending on a result of the step (d), determining whether or not performing a read reclaim operation of copying the data to a memory block different from the memory block having stored the data.

A memory system comprising:

• a nonvolatile memory device comprising a plurality of memory blocks as a data storage space;
• and
• a memory controller configured to:
• perform a read operation using a read voltage on one of the plurality of the memory blocks,
• calculate a bit error rate of data received from nonvolatile memory device,
• calculate a comparison result by comparing the bit error rate and a predetermined value, wherein the predetermined value is equal to or less than a number of errors to be corrected by the memory controller using an error correction algorithm, and
• determine whether or not to perform a read reclaim operation based on the read voltage and the comparison result,
• wherein the read reclaim operation copies the data to a memory block different from a memory block having stored the data depending on the read voltage.