# US 2014/0197364 A1 · UV Red Fluorescent EA Toner

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- Number: US 2014/0197364 A1
- Document ID: US20140197364A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/741,628
- Filed: 2013-01-15
- Published: 2014-07-17
- Earliest claimed: 2013-01-15
- Assignees: Xerox Corporation
- Applicants: Xerox Corporation
- Inventors: Roxan Richards-Johnson; Jordan H. Wosnick; Karen A. Moffat; Edward Graham Zwartz; Biritawit Asfaw; Richard P.N. Veregin; Cuong Vong; Eric Rotberg
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140197364A1

## CPC

- G03G 9/0975: {anionic}
- C09K 11/06: containing organic luminescent materials
- C09K 2211/182: of the rare earth metals, i.e. Sc, Y or lanthanide
- G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE

## Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a toner design for a clear UV red fluorescence toner having a high lanthanide complex pigment loading, including methods of making the fluorescence toner using a saccharide or a sugar acid to avoid complexation of lanthanide ions from the pigment, with lower aggregation and coalescence temperatures in the preparation of toner particles, where the particles exhibit a narrow size distribution and good xerographic performance.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A UV red fluorescent toner comprising a pigment comprising a lanthanide complex in an amount of at least about 3wt %, at least one amorphous resin, an optional crystalline resin, an aggregating agent, a saccharide or a sugar acid, optionally a surfactant and optionally a wax, wherein the toner exhibits an absorption λmax of between of about 330 nm to 380 nm and an emission λmax of between about 612 nm to about 618 nm.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, wherein the lanthanide complex is a europium (III) complex selected from the group consisting of tris(dibenzoylacetonato)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(5-aminophenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dinapthoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(4-bromobenzoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibiphenoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(4,7-diphenylphenanthroline)-europium (III); and tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(4,7-dimethylphenanthroline)-europium (III).

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, which is clear under normal light.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, saccharide is sodium gluconate or potassium gluconate.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, wherein the amorphous resin is selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, polyolefins, polyethylene, polybutylene, polyisobutyrate, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polypropylene, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, comprising a crystalline resin, wherein the crystalline resin is selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, polyolefins, polyethylene, polybutylene, polyisobutyrate, ethylene-propylene copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polypropylene, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, wherein the toner comprises a core-shell configuration.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 7, wherein the shell comprises at least one amorphous resin.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 8, wherein the shell and the core comprise the same at least one amorphous resin.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, wherein the lanthanide complex comprises LUREDP7.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The UV red fluorescent toner of claim 1, wherein the toner comprises an L* of at least about 50.

### Claim 12

A UV red fluorescent clear toner comprising a pigment containing a europium (III) complex in an amount of at least about 3 wt %, at least one amorphous resin, an optional crystalline resin, an aggregating agent, a saccharide or sugar acid, optionally a surfactant and optionally a wax, wherein the europium (III) complex is selected from the group consisting of tris(dibenzoylacetonato)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(5-aminophenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dinapthoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(4-bromobenzoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibiphenoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(4,7-diphenylphenanthroline)-europium (III); and tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(4,7-dimethylphenanthroline)-europium (III), and wherein the toner exhibits an absorption λmax of between about 330nm to 380 nm and an emission λmax of between about 612 nm to about 618 nm.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The UV red fluorescent clear toner of claim 12, wherein the toner is clear under normal light.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The UV red fluorescent clear toner of claim 12, wherein said saccharide comprises sodium gluconate or potassium gluconate.

### Claim 15 (depends on 12)

The UV red fluorescent clear toner of claim 12, wherein the toner comprises an L* of at least about 50.

### Claim 16

A method of preparing a UV red fluorescent toner comprising:
contacting at least one amorphous resin, an optional crystalline resin, an optional color pigment, an aggregating agent, a saccharide or a sugar salt, an optional wax and at least one fluorescent pigment comprising a lanthanide complex to form a fluorescent latex;
adding a metal ion flocculant to the latex in an amount of about 0.01 pph to about 0.5 pph metal ion to toner;
aggregating said fluorescent latex to form a mixture, optionally with mixing, wherein said aggregating is carried out at less than about 40° C.;
adding a saccharide or sugar acid to said aggregated mixture and adjusting pH to from about 7 to about 9.5;
coalescing said mixture, wherein said coalescing is carried out at from about 64° C. to about 80° C.; and
recovering the resulting fluorescent toner particles.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein lanthanide complex is a europium (III) complex selected from the group consisting of tris(dibenzoylacetonato)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(5-aminophenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dinapthoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(4-bromobenzoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibiphenoylmethane)-mono(phenanthroline)-europium (III); tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(4,7-diphenylphenanthroline)-europium (III); and tris(dibenzoylmethane)-mono(4,7-dimethylphenanthroline)-europium (III).

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein the toner particles comprises an L* of at least about 50.

### Claim 19 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein the fluorescent pigment is present in an amount of least about 3%.

### Claim 20 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein the toner particles exhibit an absorption λmax of between of about 330nm to 380 nm and an emission λmax of between about 612 nm to about 618 nm.