# US 2014/0194703 A1 · Breath selection for analysis > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0194703 A1 - Document ID: US20140194703A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/150,625 - Filed: 2014-01-08 - Published: 2014-07-10 - Earliest claimed: 2013-01-08 - Assignees: Capnia, Inc. - Applicants: Capnia, Inc. - Inventors: Anthony D. WONDKA; Anish BHATNAGAR; Scott J. GILBERT - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140194703A1 ## CPC - A61B 5/02055: {Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature} - A61B 5/082: {Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath (A61B5/083, A61B5/091 take precedence)} - A61B 5/7221: {Determining signal validity, reliability or quality (preventing, reducing or removing noise induced by motion artefacts A61B5/7207; noise originating from a therapeutic or surgical apparatus A61B5/7217)} - A61B 5/7275: {Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor} - G16H 10/40: for data related to laboratory analysis, e.g. patient specimen analysis - G16H 40/63: for local operation - G16H 50/20: for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems - A61B 5/01: Measuring temperature of body parts {; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue} (clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20) - A61B 5/0816: {Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency (measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00)} - A61B 5/087: Measuring breath flow - A61B 5/091: Measuring volume of inspired or expired gases, e.g. to determine lung capacity - A61B 5/7203: {for noise prevention, reduction or removal} - A61B 5/7285: {for synchronizing or triggering a physiological measurement or image acquisition with a physiological event or waveform, e.g. an ECG signal} - A61B 2560/0223: of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - G16H: HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA ## Abstract Methods and systems are described to obtain and analyze a gas sample from a desired section of the breath of a person, while accounting for erratic, episodic or otherwise challenging breathing patterns that may otherwise make the capturing of a gas sample from the desired section of breath difficult. These techniques may provide more reliable, accurate and adequate samples of gas such as end-tidal gas, and ultimately an accurate analysis of the sample captured. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for analyzing an exhaled breath, comprising: a sensor that measures a parameter of the exhaled breath; a first processor that determines if the measured parameter meets a predetermined criteria corresponding to a physiologically representative breath; and a breath sampling system that stores the exhaled breath when the first processor determines the measured parameter meets the predetermined criteria. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a gas analyzer to analyze the stored breath. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the gas analyzer comprises a second processor that applies a first gas analysis algorithm when the first processor determines the measured parameter meets the predetermined criteria and applies a second gas analysis algorithm when the first processor determines the measured parameter does not meet the predetermined criteria, wherein the second algorithm comprises a correction factor. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a physiologic sensor that monitors a physiological parameter of a patient and wherein the breath sampling system does not store the exhaled breath when a third processor determines the physiological parameter does not meet a predetermined physiological criteria. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the physiologic parameter comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a blood pressure, a heart rate, chest impedance, a weight, a height, an age, a race, a sex, a diagnosis, a respiratory rate, a tidal volume, a minute volume, an inspiratory:expiratory ratio, a blood gas, a cardiac output, an end tidal CO2 concentration, a pulmonary perfusion, a base excess, an O2 sat, and a ventilation:perfusion ratio. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined criteria comprises a minimum duration. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined criteria comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of: a peak amplitude value, a baseline value, a time duration above the peak amplitude value, a time duration below the baseline value, and a percent comparison of a current breath to a trending algorithm. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined criteria comprises an amplitude value and a baseline value representing a complete tidal volume breath ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined criteria comprises a breath rate of less than or equal to 60 breaths per minute. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined criteria is based on at least one selected from the group consisting of an expiratory time, a portion of an expiratory time, an airway pressure, a CO2 value over time, an O2 value over time, an airway temperature, a breath flow rate, a breath rate, a depth of breath, a duration of breath, an inspiratory time, a pre-end-tidal time, an end-tidal time, a post-expiratory time, an inspiratory pause, a peak inspiratory pressure, a peak expiratory pressure, a characteristic waveform for sneeze, cough, stacked breath or non-full breath, an inspiratory amplitude, an expiratory amplitude, and a historical breath criteria. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined criteria is based upon at least one selected from the group consisting of a breath hold, a deep breath, a forced exhaled breath, an inspiratory pause, an expiratory pause, a resting respiration, and a breath pattern repetition. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the predetermined criteria is based upon a predetermined number of repetitive breaths. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the number of repetitive breaths is between 1 and 5 breaths. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the number of repetitive breaths is between 2 and 4 breaths. ### Claim 15 An apparatus for analyzing breath gas, comprising: a sensor that measures parameters of a first exhaled breath, a second exhaled breath, and a third exhaled breath; a first processor that determines if a first measurement of the first exhaled breath meets a first predetermined criteria; a second processor that determines if a second measurement of the second exhaled breath meets a second predetermined criteria, wherein the second measurement is made when the first measurement is determined to meet the first predetermined criteria; a third processor that determines if a third measurement of the third exhaled breath meets a third predetermined criteria, wherein the third measurement is made when the second measurement is determined to meet the second predetermined criteria; and a breath sampling system that stores the third exhaled breath when the third processor determines the third measured parameter meets the third predetermined criteria. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the third predetermined criteria is based upon a trend associated with a plurality of breaths. ### Claim 17 An method for analyzing breath gas, comprising: measuring parameters of a first exhaled breath, a second exhaled breath, and a third exhaled breath; determining if a first measurement of the first exhaled breath meets a first predetermined criteria; determining if a second measurement of the second exhaled breath meets a second predetermined criteria, wherein the second measurement is made when the first measurement is determined to meet the first predetermined criteria; determining if a third measurement of the third exhaled breath meets a third predetermined criteria, wherein the third measurement is made when the second measurement is determined to meet the second predetermined criteria; and storing the third exhaled breath when the third measurement is determined to meet the third predetermined criteria. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein the third predetermined criteria is based upon a trend associated with a plurality of breaths.