# US 2014/0194401 A1 · Methods for reducing cellular proliferation and treating certain diseases > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0194401 A1 - Document ID: US20140194401A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/149,675 - Filed: 2014-01-07 - Published: 2014-07-10 - Earliest claimed: 2013-01-07 - Assignees: Brigham Young University - Inventors: Carl Genberg; Paul B. Savage - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140194401A1 ## CPC - A61K 31/575: substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of three or more carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, ergosterol, sitosterol - A61K 31/56: Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids - A61P 31/04: Antibacterial agents - A61P 35/00: Antineoplastic agents - A61P 35/02: specific for leukemia - A61P 43/00: Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00 - A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D) - A61P: SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS ## Abstract Disclosed herein are methods of treating cancer and/or reducing cellular proliferation in a patient, comprising identifying a patient in need of treatment and administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one cationic steroid antimicrobial (CSA), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Kits comprising such compositions and instructions on such methods are also contemplated herein. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of treating cancer, comprising: identifying a patient in need of treatment; and administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one cationic steroid antimicrobial (CSA), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the CSA is a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein rings A, B, C, and D are independently saturated, or are fully or partially unsaturated, provided that at least two of rings A, B, C, and D are saturated; m, n, p, and q are independently 0 or 1; R1 through R4, R6, R7, R11, R12, R15, R16, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted hydroxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylcarboxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylaminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylaminoalkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylaminoalkylaminoalkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted arylaminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, oxo, a linking group attached to a second steroid, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkyloxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylcarboxamido, a substituted or unsubstituted di(alkyl)aminoalkyl, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—N(H)—, a substituted or unsubstituted azidoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted cyanoalkyloxy, P.G.-HN—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, a substituted or unsubstituted guanidinoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, and a substituted or unsubstituted guanidinoalkyl carboxy, where Q5 is a side chain of any amino acid (including a side chain of glycine, i.e., H), and P.G. is an amino protecting group; and R5, R8, R9, R10, R13, R14 and R17 are independently deleted when one of rings A, B, C, or D is unsaturated so as to complete the valency of the carbon atom at that site, or R5, R8, R9, R10, R13, and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted hydroxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, oxo, a linking group attached to a second steroid, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(alkyl)aminoalkyl, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—N(H)—, azidoalkyloxy, cyanoalkyloxy, P.G.-HN—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, guanidinoalkyloxy, and guanidinoalkylcarboxy, where Q5 is a side chain of any amino acid, P.G. is an amino protecting group, provided that at least two or three of R1-4, R6, R7, R11, R12, R15, R16, R17, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylcarboxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylaminoalkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylaminoalkylaminoalkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted amino alkyloxyaminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aminoalkylcarboxyamido, a quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted di(alkyl)aminoalkyl, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—N(H)—, azidoalkyloxy, cyanoalkyloxy, P.G.-HN—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, a substituted or unsubstituted guanidinoalkyloxy, and a substituted or unsubstituted guanidinoalkylcarboxy. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein R1 through R4, R6, R7, R11, R12, R15, R16, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) hydroxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylcarboxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino-(C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) haloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C6 alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C6 alkynyl, oxo, a linking group attached to a second steroid, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxamido, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C18 alkyl) amino alkyl, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—N(H)—, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) azidoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) cyanoalkyloxy, P.G.-HN—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, and a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyl carboxy, where Q5 is a side chain of any amino acid (including a side chain of glycine, i.e., H), and P.G. is an amino protecting group; R5, R8, R9, R10, R13, R14 and R17 are independently deleted when one of rings A, B, C, or D is unsaturated so as to complete the valency of the carbon atom at that site, or R5, R8, R9, R10, R13, and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) hydroxyalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) haloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C2-C6) alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C2-C6) alkynyl, oxo, a linking group attached to a second steroid, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C18 alkyl)aminoalkyl, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—N(H)—, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) azidoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) cyanoalkyloxy, P.G.-HN—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyloxy, and (C1-C18) guanidinoalkylcarboxy, where Q5 is a side chain of any amino acid, and P.G. is an amino protecting group; provided that at least two or three of R1-4, R6, R7, R11, R12, R15, R16, R17, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylcarboxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino (C1-C18) alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino (C1-C18) alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxyamido, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C18 alkyl)aminoalkyl, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, H2N—HC(Q5)-C(O)—N(H)—, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) azidoalkyloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) cyanoalkyloxy, P.G.-HN—HC(Q5)-C(O)—O—, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyloxy, and a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkylcarboxy. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein R1 through R4, R6, R7, R11, R12, R15, R16, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) hydroxyalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylcarboxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyl, an unsubstituted aryl, an unsubstituted arylamino-(C1-C18) alkyl, oxo, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxamido, an unsubstituted di(C1-C18 alkyl)aminoalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyloxy, unsubstituted (C1-C18) quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, and unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyl carboxy; R5, R8, R9, R10, R13, R14 and R17 are independently deleted when one of rings A, B, C, or D is unsaturated so as to complete the valency of the carbon atom at that site, or R5, R8, R9, R10, R13, and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) hydroxyalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylcarboxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18)alkyl, (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyl, an unsubstituted aryl, an unsubstituted arylamino-(C1-C18) alkyl, oxo, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxamido, an unsubstituted di(C1-C18 alkyl)aminoalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyloxy, unsubstituted (C1-C18) quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, and unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyl carboxy; provided that at least two or three of R1-4, R6, R7, R11, R12, R15, R16, R17, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) hydroxyalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylcarboxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18)alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyl, an unsubstituted aryl, an unsubstituted arylamino-(C1-C18) alkyl, oxo, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxamido, an unsubstituted di(C1-C18 alkyl)aminoalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyloxy, unsubstituted (C1-C18) quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, and unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyl carboxy. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the CSA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is selected from the compound of Formula (II): ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein rings A, B, C, and D are independently saturated. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein R3, R7, R12, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) hydroxyalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylcarboxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, unsubstituted (C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino-(C1-C18) alkylamino, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkyl, an unsubstituted arylamino-(C1-C18) alkyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) amino alkyloxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) amino alkyloxy-(C1-C18) alkyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C18) aminoalkylcarboxamido, an unsubstituted di(C1-C18 alkyl)aminoalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyloxy, unsubstituted (C1-C18) quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, and unsubstituted (C1-C18) guanidinoalkyl carboxy; and R1, R2, R4, R5, R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13, R14, R15, R16, and R17 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and unsubstituted (C1-C6) alkyl. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein R3, R7, R12, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an unsubstituted (C1-C6) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C6) hydroxyalkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C16) alkyloxy-(C1-C5) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C16) alkylcarboxy-(C1-C5) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C16) alkylamino-(C1-C5) alkyl, (C1-C16) alkylamino-(C1-C5) alkylamino, unsubstituted (C1-C16) alkylamino-(C1-C16) alkylamino-(C1-C5) alkylamino, an unsubstituted (C1-C16) aminoalkyl, an unsubstituted arylamino-(C1-C5) alkyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C5) aminoalkyloxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C16) amino alkyloxy-(C1-C5) alkyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C5) aminoalkylcarboxy, an unsubstituted (C1-C5) aminoalkylaminocarbonyl, an unsubstituted (C1-C5) aminoalkylcarboxamido, an unsubstituted di(C1-C5 alkyl)amino-(C1-C5) alkyl, unsubstituted (C1-C5) guanidinoalkyloxy, unsubstituted (C1-C16) quaternaryammoniumalkylcarboxy, and unsubstituted (C1-C16) guanidinoalkylcarboxy; ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein R1, R2, R4, R5, R6, R8, R10, R11, R14, R16, and R17 are each hydrogen; and R9 and R13 are each methyl. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein R3, R7, R12, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of aminoalkyloxy; aminoalkylcarboxy; alkylaminoalkyl; alkoxycarbonylalkyl; alkylcarbonylalkyl; di(alkyl)aminoalkyl; alkoxycarbonylalkyl; and alkylcarboxyalkyl. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein R3, R7, and R12 are independently selected from the group consisting of aminoalkyloxy and aminoalkylcarboxy; and R18 is selected from the group consisting of alkylaminoalkyl; alkoxycarbonylalkyl; alkylcarbonyloxyalkyl; di(alkyl)amino alkyl; alkylaminoalkyl; alkyoxycarbonylalkyl; and alkylcarboxyalkyl. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein R3, R7, and R12 are the same. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein R3, R7, and R12 are aminoalkyloxy. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein R18 is alkylaminoalkyl. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein R18 is alkoxycarbonylalkyl. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein R18 is di(alkyl)aminoalkyl. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein R18 is alkylcarboxyalkyl. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein R3, R7, and R12 are aminoalkylcarboxy. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein R18 is alkylaminoalkyl. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein R18 is alkoxycarbonylalkyl. ### Claim 21 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein R18 is di(alkyl)aminoalkyl. ### Claim 22 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein R18 is alkylcarboxyalkyl. ### Claim 23 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein R3, R7, R12, and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of amino-C3-alkyloxy; amino-C3-alkyl-carboxy; C8-alkylamino-C5-alkyl; C8-alkoxy-carbonyl-C4-alkyl; C10-alkoxy-carbonyl-C4-alkyl; C8-alkyl-carbonyl-C4-alkyl; di-(C5-alkyl)amino-C5-alkyl; C13-alkylamino-C5-alkyl; C6-alkoxy-carbonyl-C4-alkyl; C6-alkyl-carboxy-C4-alkyl; and C16-alkylamino-C5-alkyl. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The method of claim 23, wherein the CSA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is selected from the compound of Formula (III): ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24, wherein the CSA, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is selected from the group consisting of: ### Claim 26 A pharmaceutical composition, comprising a CSA and albumin or a surfactant.