# US 2014/0193269 A1 · Triaxial Fiber-Reinforced Composite Laminate

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- Number: US 2014/0193269 A1
- Document ID: US20140193269A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/804,489
- Filed: 2013-03-14
- Published: 2014-07-10
- Earliest claimed: 2013-01-10
- Assignees: Wetzel Engineering, Inc.
- Applicants: Wetzel Engineering, Inc.
- Inventors: Kyle K. Wetzel
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140193269A1

## CPC

- F03D 1/0675: {of the blades}
- B32B 5/022: {Non-woven fabric}
- B32B 5/12: characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of {different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other}
- B32B 5/26: another layer {next to it} also being fibrous or filamentary {(relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12)}
- B32B 7/022: Mechanical properties
- B32B 7/03: with respect to the orientation of features (direction of fibres or filaments B32B5/12)
- B32B 5/145: {Variation across the thickness of the layer}
- B32B 2250/03: 3 layers
- B32B 2250/20: All layers being fibrous or filamentary
- B32B 2260/023: Two or more layers
- B32B 2260/046: Synthetic resin
- B32B 2262/02: Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B 2262/0269: Aromatic polyamide fibres
- B32B 2262/101: Glass fibres
- B32B 2262/106: Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
- B32B 2262/108: Rockwool fibres
- B32B 2307/54: Yield strength; Tensile strength
- B32B 2307/542: Shear strength
- B32B 2307/72: Density
- B32B 2603/00: Vanes, blades, propellers, rotors with blades
- F05B 2280/6013: Fibres
- F05B 2280/702: Reinforcements
- Y02E 10/72: Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
- Y10T 428/24124: Fibers
- F03D: WIND MOTORS
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- F05B: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

Provided is a rotor blade that may include a first layer having first plurality of fibers oriented at first angle of about 10 to 30 degrees relative to a long axis of the rotor blade, a second plurality of fibers oriented at a second angle of about 60 to 75 degrees relative to the first plurality of fibers, and a third plurality of fibers oriented at a third angle of about −60 to about −75 degrees relative to the second plurality of fibers.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate comprising:
a first layer comprised of a first plurality of fibers;
a second layer comprised of a second plurality of fibers oriented at a first angle of about 60 to 75 degrees relative to the first plurality of fibers; and
a third layer comprised of a third plurality of fibers oriented at a second angle of about −60 to about −75 degrees relative to the first plurality of fibers, wherein a modulus of elasticity of the fibers of the first plurality of fibers is higher than a modulus of elasticity of the fibers of the second plurality of fibers, and the modulus of elasticity of the fibers of the first plurality of fibers is higher than a modulus of elasticity of the fibers of the third plurality of fibers.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1, wherein
the first plurality of fibers is comprised of at least one of carbon fibers, S glass, high-modulus aromatic polyamide, and basalt fibers,
the second plurality of fibers is comprised of at least one of E-glass, A-glass, C-glass, H-glass, a low-modulus aramid, and an extruded thermoplastic fiber, and
the third plurality of fibers is comprised of at least one of E-glass, A-glass, C-glass, H-glass, a low-modulus aramid, and an extruded thermoplastic fiber.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1, wherein the first layer is between the second layer and the third layer.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 3, wherein one side of the first layer is directly on the second layer and another side of the first layer is directly on the third layer.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1, wherein the second layer is between the first layer and the third layer.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 5, wherein one side of the second layer is directly on the first layer and another side of the second layer is directly on the third layer.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1, wherein the first angle and the second angle are substantially the same.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1, wherein
densities of the second and third pluralities of fibers is about the same,
the densities of the second and third pluralities of fibers is less than about half of the density of the first plurality of fibers, and
the modulus of elasticity of the second plurality of fibers is about the same as the modulus of elasticity of the third plurality of fibers.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1, wherein
the first plurality of fibers is comprised of carbon fiber and has a density of about 500 g/m2,
the second plurality of fibers is comprised of E-glass and has a density of about 200 g/m2,
the third plurality of fibers is comprised of E-glass and has a density of about 200 g/m2,
the first angle is about 70 degrees, and
the second angle is about −70 degrees.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

A fabric comprised of:
the triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The fabric according to claim 10, wherein the first plurality of fibers is inclined about 10 degrees from a wrap direction of the fiber.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

A structure comprised of:
the triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

A wind turbine blade comprised of:
a skin covering at least a portion of the blade, wherein the skin includes the triaxial fiber-reinforced composite laminate of claim 1.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The wind turbine blade of claim 13, wherein the first plurality of fibers is inclined from a long axis of the wind turbine blade by about 10 to about 30 degrees.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The wind turbine blade of claim 14, wherein
the first plurality of fibers is comprised of at least one of carbon fibers, S glass, high-modulus aromatic polyamide, and basalt fibers,
the second plurality of fibers is comprised of at least one of E-glass, A-glass, C-glass, H-glass, a low-modulus aramid, and an extruded thermoplastic fiber, and
the third plurality of fibers is comprised of at least one of E-glass, A-glass, C-glass, H-glass, a low-modulus aramid, and an extruded thermoplastic fiber.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The wind turbine blade of claim 14, wherein the first layer is between the second layer and the third layer.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The wind turbine blade of claim 16, wherein the first layer is directly on the second layer and directly on the third layer.

### Claim 18 (depends on 14)

The wind turbine blade of claim 14, wherein the second layer is between the first layer and the third layer.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The wind turbine blade of claim 18, wherein the second layer is directly on the first layer and directly on the third layer.

### Claim 20 (depends on 14)

The wind turbine blade of claim 14, wherein the first angle and the second angle are substantially the same.