# US 2014/0192172 A1 · 3d display device using barrier and driving method thereof

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- Number: US 2014/0192172 A1
- Document ID: US20140192172A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/877,223
- Filed: 2011-09-30
- Published: 2014-07-10
- Earliest claimed: 2010-10-01
- Assignees: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Ki-Hyung Kang; Dong-Choon Hwang; Sang-Moo Park; Jung-Hoon Yoon; Soo-Bae Moon
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140192172A1

## CPC

- G02B 30/31: involving active parallax barriers (involving directional light or back-light sources G02B30/33)
- H04N 13/354: for displaying sequentially
- G02B 30/27: involving lenticular arrays
- G02F 1/13306: {Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells (G02F1/132, G02F1/133382 take precedence)}
- G09G 3/003: {to produce spatial visual effects}
- G09G 3/20: for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix {no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters}
- H04N 13/315: the parallax barriers being time-variant
- H04N 19/48: using compressed domain processing techniques other than decoding, e.g. modification of transform coefficients, variable length coding [VLC] data or run-length data (motion estimation in a transform domain H04N19/547; processing of decoded motion vectors H04N19/513)
- G09G 2320/0209: Crosstalk reduction, i.e. to reduce direct or indirect influences of signals directed to a certain pixel of the displayed image on other pixels of said image, inclusive of influences affecting pixels in different frames or fields or sub-images which constitute a same image, e.g. left and right images of a stereoscopic display
- G09G 2320/0261: in the context of movement of objects on the screen or movement of the observer relative to the screen
- G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00)

## Abstract

A 3D display apparatus is provided, which includes a display panel which displays a multi-viewpoint image, a barrier arranged on one side of the display panel unit, and a controller which controls the barrier to alternately form light transmitting areas and light blocking areas. The barrier includes a liquid crystal layer, a plurality of upper electrodes arranged to be spaced apart from one another on an upper surface of the liquid crystal layer, and a plurality of lower electrodes arranged to be spaced apart from one another on a lower surface of the liquid crystal layer.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A 3D display apparatus comprising:
a display panel which displays a multi-viewpoint image;
a barrier arranged on one side of the display panel; and
a controller which controls the barrier to alternately form light transmitting areas and light blocking areas,
wherein the barrier comprises:
a liquid crystal layer;
a plurality of upper electrodes arranged to be spaced apart from one another on an upper surface of the liquid crystal layer; and
a plurality of lower electrodes arranged to be spaced apart from one another on a lower surface of the liquid crystal layer.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a capturing device which captures an image of a user; and
a position sensor which senses a position of the user by using data from the image captured by the capturing device,
wherein, if the position of the user that is sensed by the position sensor changes and a movement of the user is detected, the controller sequentially drives the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes so that positions of the light transmitting areas are shifted corresponding to a direction of the movement.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes are arranged so that predetermined areas of the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes overlap each other through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the barrier further comprises:
a first upper electrode connector formed on one side of the plurality of upper electrodes to electrically connect odd-numbered upper electrodes of the plurality of upper electrodes;
a second upper electrode connector formed on the other side of the plurality of upper electrodes to electrically connect even-numbered upper electrodes of the plurality of upper electrodes;
a first lower electrode connector formed on one side of the plurality of lower electrodes to electrically connect odd-numbered lower electrodes of the plurality of lower electrodes; and
a second lower electrode connector formed on the other side of the plurality of lower electrodes to electrically connect even-numbered lower electrodes of the plurality of lower electrodes,
wherein the controller sequentially performs supplying a driving signal to one of the first upper electrode connector, the second upper electrode connector, the first lower electrode connector, and the second lower electrode connector and grounding the remaining electrode connectors.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plurality of upper electrodes comprises:
upper common electrodes repeatedly arranged; and
first upper electrodes and second upper electrodes alternately arranged between the upper common electrodes, and
the plurality of lower electrodes comprises:
lower common electrodes repeatedly arranged; and
first lower electrodes and second lower electrodes alternately arranged between the lower common electrodes,
wherein the upper common electrodes and the lower common electrodes are arranged at different positions so as not to overlap each other through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the upper common electrodes and the lower common electrodes,
the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes are arranged at positions that are opposite to the lower common electrodes through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes, and
the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes are arranged at positions that are opposite to the upper common electrodes through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the controller shifts the positions of the light transmitting areas of the liquid crystal layer depending on the position of the user by repeatedly supplying a driving signal to one of the first upper electrodes, the second upper electrodes, the first lower electrodes, and the second lower electrodes and grounding the remaining electrodes, the upper common electrodes, and the lower common electrodes.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the barrier further comprises:
a first upper electrode connector electrically connecting the first upper electrodes on an upper surface of the liquid crystal layer;
a second upper electrode connector electrically connecting the second upper electrodes on the upper surface of the liquid crystal layer;
a first lower electrode connector electrically connecting the first lower electrodes on a lower surface of the liquid crystal layer; and
a second lower electrode connector electrically connecting the second lower electrodes on the lower surface of the liquid crystal layer,
wherein the upper common electrodes are connected together in the form of a meander between the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes, and
the lower common electrodes are connected together in the form of a meander between the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-viewpoint image comprises a first frame in which left-eye images and right-eye images are alternately arranged in a first order in a vertical row direction and a second frame in which the left-eye images and the right-eye images are alternately arranged in a second order in the vertical row direction,
wherein the display panel sequentially displays the first frame and the second frame, and
the controller switches the light transmitting area and the light blocking area in association with display timing of the first frame and the second frame.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
a capturing device which captures the image of the user; and
a position sensor which senses the position of the user by using data from the image captured by the capturing device,
wherein, if a movement of the user is sensed by the position sensor, the controller inverts the positions of the light transmitting areas and the light blocking areas of the barrier at a time point where a user moves from a normal visual field to an inverse visual field.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein, if the movement of the user is sensed by the position sensor, the controller shifts a driving period of the barrier unit for a half period by gradually delaying input timing of the driving signals to be applied to the electrodes to be driven from among the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes depending on a moving speed of the user.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the controller increases a size of the light transmitting area.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a frame processor which forms the first frame and the second frame by combining a plurality of sub-pixels that constitute pixels of the left-eye images and a plurality of sub-pixels that constitute pixels of the right-eye images.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein the frame processor forms the first frame and the second frame through distribution of RGB sub-pixels that constitute the pixels of the left-eye images and rgb sub-pixels that constitute the pixels of the right-eye images to the first frame and the second frame, respectively, to be combined as new pixels.

### Claim 14 (depends on 8)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the controller performs vertical line inversion to perform grouping of the display panel by vertical lines and to apply driving signals having different polarities to respective groups.

### Claim 15 (depends on 8)

The 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the controller performs one inversion of a frame inversion, a vertical line inversion, a horizontal line inversion, and a dot inversion in at least one frame period.

### Claim 16

A method of driving a 3D display apparatus comprising:
outputting a multi-viewpoint image through a display panel; and
applying a driving signal to at least one of a plurality of upper electrodes and a plurality of lower electrodes so that light transmitting areas and light blocking areas are alternately formed in a barrier unit which includes a liquid crystal layer, the plurality of upper electrodes arranged to be spaced apart from one another on an upper surface of the liquid crystal layer, and the plurality of lower electrodes arranged to be spaced apart from one another on a lower surface of the liquid crystal layer.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 16, further comprising:
capturing an image of a user; and
sensing a position of the user by using data from the captured image,
wherein, if the position of the user changes and a movement of the user is detected, the driving step sequentially drives the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes so that positions of the light transmitting areas are shifted corresponding to a direction of the movement.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes are arranged so that predetermined areas of the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes overlap each other through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 18, wherein the driving step sequentially performs supplying a driving signal to one of a first upper electrode connector, a second upper electrode connector, a first lower electrode connector, and a second lower electrode connector, which are provided in the barrier, and grounding the remaining electrode connectors,
wherein the first upper electrode connector is formed on one side of the plurality of upper electrodes to electrically connect odd-numbered upper electrodes of the plurality of upper electrodes,
the second upper electrode connector is formed on the other side of the plurality of upper electrodes to electrically connect even-numbered upper electrodes of the plurality of upper electrodes,
the first lower electrode connector is formed on one side of the plurality of lower electrodes to electrically connect odd-numbered lower electrodes of the plurality of lower electrodes, and
the second lower electrode connector is formed on the other side of the plurality of lower electrodes to electrically connect even-numbered lower electrodes of the plurality of lower electrodes.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein the plurality of upper electrodes comprises:
upper common electrodes repeatedly arranged; and
first upper electrodes and second upper electrodes alternately arranged between the upper common electrodes, and
the plurality of lower electrodes comprises:
lower common electrodes repeatedly arranged; and
first lower electrodes and second lower electrodes alternately arranged between the lower common electrodes,
wherein the upper common electrodes and the lower common electrodes are arranged at different positions so as not to overlap each other through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the upper common electrodes and the lower common electrodes,
the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes are arranged at positions that are opposite to the lower common electrodes through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes, and
the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes are arranged at positions that are opposite to the upper common electrodes through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes.

### Claim 21 (depends on 20)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 20, wherein the driving step shifts the positions of the light transmitting areas of the liquid crystal layer depending on the position of the user by repeatedly performing supplying of a driving signal to one of the first upper electrodes, the second upper electrodes, the first lower electrodes, and the second lower electrodes and grounding of the remaining electrodes, the upper common electrodes, and the lower common electrodes.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the barrier further comprises:
a first upper electrode connector electrically connecting the first upper electrodes on an upper surface of the liquid crystal layer;
a second upper electrode connector electrically connecting the second upper electrodes on the upper surface of the liquid crystal layer;
a first lower electrode connector electrically connecting the first lower electrodes on a lower surface of the liquid crystal layer; and
a second lower electrode connector electrically connecting the second lower electrodes on the lower surface of the liquid crystal layer,
wherein the upper common electrodes are connected together in the form of a meander between the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes, and
the lower common electrodes are connected together in the form of a meander between the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes.

### Claim 23 (depends on 16)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 16, further comprising generating a first frame in which left-eye images and right-eye images are alternately arranged in a first order in a vertical row direction and a second frame in which the left-eye images and the right-eye images are alternately arranged in a second order in the vertical row direction,
wherein the output step sequentially displays the first frame and the second frame, and
the driving step switches the light transmitting area and the light blocking area in association with display timing of the first frame and the second frame.

### Claim 24 (depends on 23)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 23, further comprising:
capturing the image of the user;
sensing the position of the user by using captured data; and
if a movement of the user is sensed, inverting the positions of the light transmitting areas and the light blocking areas of the barrier at a time point where a user moves from a normal visual field to an inverse visual field.

### Claim 25 (depends on 24)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 24, further comprising, if the movement of the user is sensed, shifting a driving period of the barrier unit for a half period by gradually delaying input timing of the driving signals to be applied to the electrodes to be driven from among the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes depending on a moving speed of the user.

### Claim 26 (depends on 25)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 25, further comprising increasing a size of the light transmitting area.

### Claim 27 (depends on 23)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein the generating the multi-viewpoint image forms the first frame and the second frame by combining a plurality of sub-pixels that constitute pixels of the left-eye images and a plurality of sub-pixels that constitute pixels of the right-eye images.

### Claim 28 (depends on 27)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 27, wherein the generating the multi-viewpoint image forms the first frame and the second frame through distribution of RGB sub-pixels that constitute the pixels of the left-eye images and rgb sub-pixels that constitute the pixels of the right-eye images to the first frame and the second frame, respectively, to be combined as new pixels.

### Claim 29 (depends on 23)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 23, further comprising performing vertical line inversion to perform grouping of the display panel by vertical lines and to apply driving signals having different polarities to respective groups.

### Claim 30 (depends on 23)

The method of driving a 3D display apparatus as claimed in claim 23, further comprising performing one inversion of a frame inversion, vertical line inversion, horizontal line inversion, and a dot inversion in at least one frame period.

### Claim 31

A barrier for use in a display apparatus comprising:
a liquid crystal layer;
a plurality of upper electrodes spaced apart from one another on an upper surface of the liquid crystal layer;
a plurality of lower electrodes spaced apart from one another on a lower surface of the liquid crystal layer; and
a controller which controls the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes to allow light transmission from light transmission areas of the barrier and block light from light blocking areas of the barrier and controls the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes to shift the light transmission areas and light blocking area,
wherein the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes.

### Claim 32 (depends on 31)

The barrier as claimed in claim 31, wherein an area of at least one of the plurality of upper electrodes and an area of at least one of the plurality of lower electrodes overlap each other through the liquid crystal layer.

### Claim 33 (depends on 32)

The barrier as claimed in claim 32, further comprising:
a first upper electrode connector formed on one side of the plurality of upper electrodes to electrically connect odd-numbered upper electrodes of the plurality of upper electrodes;
a second upper electrode connector formed on the other side of the plurality of upper electrodes to electrically connect even-numbered upper electrodes of the plurality of upper electrodes;
a first lower electrode connector formed on one side of the plurality of lower electrodes to electrically connect odd-numbered lower electrodes of the plurality of lower electrodes; and
a second lower electrode connector formed on the other side of the plurality of lower electrodes to electrically connect even-numbered lower electrodes of the plurality of lower electrodes.

### Claim 34 (depends on 31)

The barrier as claimed in claim 31, wherein the plurality of upper electrodes comprises:
upper common electrodes repeatedly arranged; and
first upper electrodes and second upper electrodes alternately arranged between the upper common electrodes, and
the plurality of lower electrodes comprises:
lower common electrodes repeatedly arranged; and
first lower electrodes and second lower electrodes alternately arranged between the lower common electrodes,
wherein the upper common electrodes and the lower common electrodes are arranged at different positions so as not to overlap each other through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the upper common electrodes and the lower common electrodes,
the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes are arranged at positions that are opposite to the lower common electrodes through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first upper electrodes and the second upper electrodes, and
the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes are arranged at positions that are opposite to the upper common electrodes through the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first lower electrodes and the second lower electrodes.

### Claim 35 (depends on 31)

The barrier as claimed in claim 31, further comprising:
a position sensor which detects a position of the user,
wherein, if the position of the user that is sensed by the position sensor changes, the controller sequentially drives the plurality of upper electrodes and the plurality of lower electrodes so that positions of the light transmission areas and positions of the light blocking areas are shifted corresponding to the position of the user.