# US 2014/0191651 A1 · Methods for producing an electrically conductive material, electrically conductive material and emitter containing electrically conductive material > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0191651 A1 - Document ID: US20140191651A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/237,211 - Filed: 2012-07-04 - Published: 2014-07-10 - Earliest claimed: 2011-08-05 - Assignees: Heraeus Noblelight GmbH - Inventors: Maike Klumpp; Sven Linow - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140191651A1 ## CPC - H01K 1/06: Carbon bodies - H01K 3/02: Manufacture of incandescent bodies - H05B 3/0033: {Heating devices using lamps} - H05B 3/146: {Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics} - H05B 2203/017: Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters - H01K: ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS (details, apparatus or processes for manufacture applicable to both discharge devices and incandescent lamps H01J; light sources using a combination of incandescent and other types of light generation H01J61/96, H05B35/00) - H05B: ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL ## Abstract A method for manufacturing an electrically conductive material includes steps of: (a) providing a carbon fiber; (b) providing a plastic fiber that differs from the carbon fiber; (c) producing a mixture in the form of a two-dimensional mat from the carbon fiber and the plastic fiber; (d) drying the mixture, optionally; (e) consolidating the mixture; (f) cutting the mixture to size, optionally; (g) carbonizing the mixture, wherein the carbonized plastic fibers form a carbon-based matrix possessing electrical conductivity that at least partially surrounds the carbon fibers. Electrically conductive materials obtained by the method have an increased electrical resistance. An emitter is specified that contains a transparent or translucent housing and an electrically conductive material as to above. These now allow emitters of virtually any length to be operated at customary line voltages. ## Claims ### Claim at position 1 1-14. (canceled) ### Claim 15 A method for manufacture of an electrically conductive material, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing a carbon fiber; b) providing a plastic fiber that differs from the carbon fiber; c) producing a mixture in a form of a two-dimensional mat from the carbon fiber and the plastic fiber; d) drying the mixture, optionally; e) consolidating the mixture; f) cutting the mixture to size, optionally; and g) carbonizing the mixture, wherein the carbonized plastic fibers form a carbon-based matrix possessing electrical conductivity that at least partially surrounds the carbon fibers. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method according claim 15, wherein a mass fraction of carbon fibers, relative to the mixture, is from 1 mass % to 70 mass %. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein a fiber weight per unit area of the mixture is 75 g/m2 to 500 g/m2. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein a length of the carbon fibers and plastic fibers in the mixture differs by maximally 50% relative to the length of the carbon fibers. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein a length of the carbon fibers or of the plastic fibers or both in the mixture is from 3 mm to 30 mm. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the plastic fibers contain a thermoplastic material. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein thermoplastic material contains a material selected from polyethersulfone (PES), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), polyphthalarnide (PPA), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), polyimide (PI), and mixtures of at least two of these. ### Claim 22 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein another plastic fiber made of duroplastic material is used in addition to the plastic fiber made of thermoplastic material. ### Claim 23 An electrically conductive material comprising a composite that contains: a) a first carbon fiber and a further carbon fiber; and b) a matrix that partly surrounds the first carbon fiber and the further carbon fiber each, wherein the electrical conductivity of the matrix is lower than that of the carbon fibers; wherein, with respect to a sectional plane through the composite, of a total number of carbon fibers extending through the sectional plane, more than 20% of the carbon fibers extending through the sectional plane do not contact any other carbon fiber extending through the same sectional plane. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The electrically conductive material according to claim 23, wherein the sectional plane is oriented to be orthogonal to a possible direction of current flow through the material. ### Claim 25 (depends on 23) The electrically conductive material according to claim 23, having at least one of the following properties: i. the matrix has a defined specific electrical conductivity; ii. the matrix defines an orientation of the carbon fibers; iii. the matrix defines a specific number of contact sites between carbon fibers (3); and iv. the carbon fibers are distributed and/or oriented in the matrix in appropriate manner, such that a current flow through the material is forced to proceed at least through a portion of the matrix. ### Claim 26 (depends on 23) An emitter comprising: a) a transparent or translucent housing; and b) an electrically conductive material according to claim 23, arranged in the housing. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The emitter according to claim 26, wherein the electrically conductive material has appropriate flexibility, such that the electrically conductive material can be bent into a circle and over its entire length about a radius of 1.0 m, without fracturing the carbon fibers and/or the matrix and/or without separating the carbon fibers and the matrix. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The emitter according to claim 27, wherein the flexibility is such that the electrically conductive material can be bent into a circle and over its entire length about a radius of 0.25 m, without fracturing the carbon fibers and/or the matrix and/or without separating the carbon fibers and the matrix. ### Claim 29 (depends on 26) The emitter according to claim 26, wherein the electrical conductivity of the electrically conductive material, measured as electrical operating voltage per unit of length of the electrically conductive material, exceeds 150 V/m.