Diagnosis, Prognosis and Identification of Potential Therapeutic Targets of Multiple Myeloma Based on Gene Expression Profiling

A method of determining the prognosis of a human subject with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), comprising the steps of:

• determining gene expression levels of GNG10, PNPLA4, KIAA1754, AHCYL1, MCLC, EVI5, AD-020, PARG1, CTBS, FUCA1, RFP2, FLJ20489, LTBP1, TRIP13, AIM2, SELL SLC19A1, LARS2, OPN3, ASPM, CCT2, UBE21, STK6, FLJ13052, FLJ12525, BIRC5, CKS1B, CKAP1, MGC57827, DKFZp7790175, PFN1, ILF3, IFI16, TBRG4, PAPD1, EIF2C2, MGC4308, ENOL, DSG2, EXOSC4, TAGLN2, RUVBL1, ALDOA, CPSF3, MGC15606, LGALS1, RAD18, SNX5, PSMD4, RAN, KIF14, CBX3, TMPO, DKFZP586L0724, WED, ROBO1, TCOF1, YWHAZ, and MPHOSPH1 in plasma cells isolated from the human patient, wherein the gene expression levels are measured at the nucleic acid level, and wherein determining the gene expression levels comprises generating cDNA from the isolated nucleic acid sample isolated from the plasma cells;
• and
• comparing the expression levels to one or more suitable controls and assigning the patient a prognosis on the basis of the comparison, wherein:
• reduced expression of GNG10, PNPLA4, KIAA1754, AHCYL1, MCLC, EVI5, AD-020, PARG1, CTBS, FUCA1, RFP2, FLJ20489, or LTBP1, relative to a control with a favorable prognosis, is associated with a poor prognosis;
• and
• overexpression of TRIP13, AIM2, SELL SLC19A1, LARS2, OPN3, ASPM, CCT2, UBE21, STK6, FLJ13052, FLJ12525, BIRC5, CKS1B, CKAP1, MGC57827, DKFZp7790175, PFN1, ILF3, IFI16, TBRG4, PAPD1, EIF2C2, MGC4308, ENOL, DSG2, EXOSC4, TAGLN2, RUVBL1, ALDOA, CPSF3, MGC15606, LGALS1, RAD18, SNX5, PSMD4, RAN, KIF14, CBX3, TMPO, DKFZP586L0724, WEE1, ROBO1, TCOF1, YWHAZ, or MPHOSPH1, relative to a control with a favorable prognosis, is associated with a poor prognosis.

A method of determining the prognosis of a human subject with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), comprising the steps of:

• enriching CD138 plasma cells from a sample of plasma cells isolated from the patient;
• determining gene expression levels of the genes detectable with the probes listed in Table 2A and Table 2B, wherein the gene expression levels are measured at the nucleic acid level, and wherein determining the gene expression levels comprises generating cDNA from the isolated nucleic acid sample isolated from the plasma cells;
• and
• comparing the expression levels to one or more suitable controls and assigning the patient a prognosis on the basis of the comparison,
• wherein overexpression of a gene detectable with a probe in Table 2A, relative to a control with a favorable prognosis, is associated with a poor prognosis and reduced expression of a gene detectable with a probe in Table 2B, relative to a control with a favorable prognosis, is associated with a poor prognosis.