Production method of hole blocking layer, hole blocking layer, photoelectric conversion element, photoelectric conversion device, organic thin-film solar cell panel, and light-emitting device

A production method of a hole blocking layer, the hole blocking layer disposed between an organic semiconductor layer and an electrode connected electrically with the organic semiconductor in a photoelectric conversion element, the photoelectric conversion element comprising the organic semiconductor layer and the electrode, the hole blocking layer suppressing electrical conduction between the organic semiconductor layer and the electrode from being carried by holes, the production method comprising:

• a liquid layer forming step that causes a liquid composition and a surface of a member on which the hole blocking layer is to be formed, to contact with each other thereby forming a liquid layer comprising the liquid composition on the surface of the member on which the hole blocking layer is to be formed, the liquid composition containing a zinc source comprising bis(acetylacetonato)zinc, a complexing agent comprising acetylacetone, and a polar solvent;
• and
• a drying step that heats the liquid layer formed by the liquid layer forming step to vaporize the complexing agent and the polar solvent from the liquid layer thereby forming a hole blocking layer comprising zinc oxide on the surface of the member on which the hole blocking layer is to be formed.