# US 2014/0156266 A1 · System and method for enhancing comprehension and readability of text

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- Number: US 2014/0156266 A1
- Document ID: US20140156266A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 14/131,838
- Filed: 2013-02-22
- Published: 2014-06-05
- Earliest claimed: 2012-02-22
- Assignees: Quillsoft Ltd.
- Applicants: Quillsoft Ltd.
- Inventors: Vivian Tsang; David Jacob; Fraser Shein
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140156266A1

## CPC

- G06F 40/205: Parsing
- G06F 3/16: Sound input; Sound output (speech processing G10L)
- G06F 40/211: Syntactic parsing, e.g. based on context-free grammar [CFG] or unification grammars
- G06F 40/289: Phrasal analysis, e.g. finite state techniques or chunking
- G10L 13/10: Prosody rules derived from text; Stress or intonation
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- G10L: SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING

## Abstract

The present invention is a text display system with speech output that uses a method of text segmentation in which segments of text are presented one after another for reading text sequentially. To indicate the location of text a user is currently reading, the current sentence is emphasized by presenting the surrounding text in faded colors. The current sentence is segmented into phrases where the points of segmentation are chosen by a series of grammatical rules and the desired number of words in each segment. When the text is presented sequentially, each segment is highlighted within the current sentence. With the use of a text-to-speech output system, each segment is spoken out with a pause before the next segment is presented. In a non-linear/selective reading scenario, a user can select a text segment, for which the span of the segment can be automatically generated or manually selected by the user.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of parsing a sentence into a sequence of phrasal segments, the method being performed by a computer processor, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a target segment length expressed as a number of words or syllables;
(b) parsing, by the computer processor, the sentence to identify a plurality of candidate break points based on punctuation and parts of speech and including candidate break points at the beginning and end of the sentence; and
(c) eliminating, by the computer processor, some of the candidate break points, leaving a plurality of final break points, so that every word in the sentence is situated between two final break points, and the sum of the differences between (i) the target segment length and (ii) the number of words, if the target segment length is expressed as a number of words, or the number of syllables, if the target segment length is expressed as a number of syllables, between each consecutive pair of final break points is minimal;
wherein each sequence of words situated between each consecutive pair of final break points is identified as a segment.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the parsing of the sentence is performed by the computer processor based on a grammar.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the parsing step comprises identifying words that are conjunctions, verbs and prepositions, and the parsing of the sentence comprises placing candidate break points at the beginning of the sentence, at punctuation marks in the sentence, and before and after each word identified as a conjunction, verb or preposition.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the parsing step comprises a first sub-step of pre-processing the sentence to break it into fragments based on mid-sentence punctuation marks and including candidate break points at the beginning and end of each fragment, and a second sub-step of parsing each fragment to identify candidate break points based on punctuation and parts of speech.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the parsing step comprises identifying words that are conjunctions, verbs and prepositions, and the parsing of the sentence further comprises placing candidate break points before and after each conjunction, verb and preposition.

### Claim 6 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein candidate break points are removed from before and after a conjunction, verb or preposition if the conjunction, verb or preposition is situated within a phrase that should not be broken.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein a phrase should not be broken if it is in a pre-determined set collected from external lexicographical sources.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A method for parsing a document, the document comprising one or more than one paragraph, each paragraph comprising one or more than one sentence, into a sequence of phrasal segments, the method being performed by a computer processor, the method comprising the steps of
(a) parsing, by the computer processor, the document into paragraphs based on paragraph breaks;
(b) parsing, by the computer processor the paragraphs into sentences based on punctuation; and
(c) parsing, by the computer processor, each sentence into a sequence of phrasal segments using the method of claim 1.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

A method of reading a document to a user, the method being performed by a computer processor, the method comprising the steps of
(a) parsing, by the computer processor, the document into a sequence of phrasal segments using the method of claim 8 and identifying one segment as a current segment;
(b) instructing, by the computer processor, a text-to-speech engine to read the current segment aloud to the user;
(c) pausing, by the computer processor, for a pre-determined duration after the current segment has been read, the duration being the inter-segment pause duration;
(d) setting, by the computer processor, the current segment to be the next segment in the sequence; and
(e) repeating steps (b), (c), and (d) until all segments have been read or until the user instructs the processor to stop.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the inter-segment pause duration is discernibly longer than the average pause duration between words.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the inter-segment pause duration is at least 500 milliseconds.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the inter-segment pause duration for each pair of segments, other than the pauses between sentences, is the same.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the current segment is displayed to the user while the text-to-speech engine reads the current segment.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein a sentence, being the current sentence, containing the current segment is also displayed, and the current segment is highlighted to differentiate it from the remainder of the current sentence.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein at least a portion of a paragraph, being the current paragraph, containing the current segment is also displayed, and the current sentence is highlighted to differentiate it from the remainder of the current paragraph.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein a portion of the text preceding the current paragraph in the document is displayed before the current paragraph, and the current paragraph is highlighted to differentiate it from the text preceding the current paragraph.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein a portion of the text following the current paragraph in the document is displayed after the current paragraph, and the current paragraph is highlighted to differentiate it from the text following the current paragraph.

### Claim 18 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein the current segment is highlighted to be most prominent.

### Claim 19 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein the reading is muted so that no words are sounded.

### Claim 20

A system comprising a programmable computer processor and a display, the processor running software adapted to parse a sentence into a sequence of phrasal segments based on a pre-determined target segment length expressed as a number of words or syllables by:
(a) parsing the sentence to identify a plurality of candidate break points based on punctuation and parts of speech and including candidate break points at the beginning and end of the sentence; and
(b) eliminating some of the candidate break points, leaving a plurality of final break points, so that every word in the sentence is situated between two final break points, and the sum of the differences between (i) the target segment length and (ii) the number of words, if the target segment length is expressed as a number of words, or the number of syllables, if the target segment length is expressed as a number of syllables, between each consecutive pair of final break points is minimal;
wherein each sequence of words situated between each consecutive pair of final break points is identified as a segment.

### Claim at position 21

21-22. (canceled)