# US 2014/0155948 A1 · Optical fiber-fine wire lead for electrostimulation and sensing

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- Number: US 2014/0155948 A1
- Document ID: US20140155948A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/831,001
- Filed: 2013-03-14
- Published: 2014-06-05
- Earliest claimed: 2012-08-07
- Assignees: Cardia Access, Inc.
- Inventors: Robert Gilmore Walsh; Jin Shimada; Michael E. Grant; James E. Shapland
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140155948A1

## CPC

- A61N 1/36514: {controlled by a physiological quantity other than heart potential, e.g. blood pressure (controlled by two or more physical parameters A61N1/36585)}
- A61B 5/0084: {for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters (A61B5/1459 takes precedence)}
- A61B 5/02154: {by optical transmission}
- A61B 5/6852: {Catheters}
- A61N 1/3655: {controlled by body or blood temperature}
- A61N 1/36564: {controlled by blood pressure}
- A61N 1/36571: {controlled by blood flow rate, e.g. blood velocity or cardiac output}
- A61N 1/37211: {Means for communicating with stimulators}
- A61N 1/3987: {characterised by the timing or triggering of the shock}
- A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B)
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)

## Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward an implantable electrostimulation device, a plurality of sensing and pacing elements, and a fine wire lead extending in a sealed relationship from the electrostimulation device and to the plurality of sensing and pacing elements. The fine wire lead includes multiple discrete conductors and a drawn silica or glass fiber core, a polymer cladding on the drawn silica or glass fiber core, and a conductive metal cladding over the polymer cladding. Additionally, the fine wire lead simultaneously delivers different electrical signals or optical signals between the sensing and pacing elements and the electrostimulation device.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus comprising:
an implantable electrostimulation device;
a plurality of sensing and pacing elements; and
a fine wire lead extending in a sealed relationship from the electrostimulation device and to the plurality of sensing and pacing elements, the fine wire lead having multiple discrete conductors and a drawn silica or glass fiber core, a polymer cladding on the drawn silica or glass fiber core, and a conductive metal cladding over the polymer cladding, wherein the fine wire lead is configured and arranged to simultaneously deliver different electrical signals or optical signals between the sensing and pacing elements and the electrostimulation device.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein
an outer diameter of the fine wire lead at the metal layer is no greater than about 750 microns,
the drawn silica or glass fiber core has a diameter no greater than about 450 microns, or
the fine wire lead is sufficiently flexible to bend to a radius of about 8 to 10 times the drawn silica or glass fiber core diameter without damage.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the fine wire lead is proofed to at least about 90% of intrinsic strength value of the drawn silica or glass fiber core, or
the drawn silica or glass fiber core is configured and arranged to transmit optical signals between the electrostimulation device and at least one of the plurality of sensor elements and pacing elements.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal cladding is a conductive metal configured and arranged to deliver electrical signals between the electrostimulation device and at least one of the plurality of sensor elements and pacing elements, and further including a biocompatible insulating coating covering the fine wire lead.

### Claim 5 (depends on 8)

The apparatus of claim 8, wherein
the conductive metal is composed of silver, or
the polymer cladding is composed of carbon.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the implantable electrostimulation device is one of a cardiac pacemaker, cardioverter-defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy device, and a control hub, configured and arranged to interconnect to the fine wire conductor, or
the drawn silica or glass fiber core is configured and arranged to deliver optical signals from the electrostimulation device to a convertor at a distal end of the lead which is configured and arranged to convertor the optical signals into electrical signals to pace the heart.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the plurality of sensing elements are optical or electrically based sensors to measure blood pressure, temperature, strain, fluid velocity, or intrinsic electrical activity, or
at least one of the plurality of sensing elements is an optically-based pressure sensor configured and arranged to measure pressure through a sensing interferometer, dielectric mirror and mirrored pressure-sensitive diaphragm.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the pressure sensor is configured with a piezoelectric element to measure blood pressure.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal cladding is patterned to provide multiple discrete electrical conductors within the same metal layer, and the drawn silica or glass fiber core is hollow.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9,
wherein the multiple discrete conductors within the metal layer are in a spiral pattern around the circumference of the lead, or
the plurality of sensing elements are connected to the discrete metal conductors with radially placed conductive strands.

### Claim 11

An apparatus comprising:
an electrostimulation device;
a plurality of sensing and pacing elements;
a fine wire lead including
a drawn glass or silica fiber core,
a cladding, on the drawn glass or silica fiber core, including a carbon hermetic seal material,
a conductive metal layer, on the cladding, configured and arranged into multiple discrete conductors, and
a biocompatible coating configured and arranged to seal the fine wire lead,
wherein the fine wire lead extends in a sealed relationship from the electrostimulation device to the plurality of sensing and pacing elements, and the fine wire lead is configured and arranged to simultaneously deliver different electrical signals or optical signals between the sensing and pacing elements and the electrostimulation device.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, wherein
an outer diameter of the fine wire lead at the metal layer is no greater than about 750 microns, the drawn silica or glass fiber core has a diameter no greater than about 450 microns,
the fine wire lead is sufficiently flexible to bend to a radius of about 8 to 10 times the fiber core diameter without damage,
the fine wire lead is proofed to at least about 90% of intrinsic strength value of the drawn silica or glass fiber core, or
the drawn silica or glass fiber core is configured and arranged to transmit optical energy or signals between the electrostimulation device and at least one of the plurality of sensing and pacing elements.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, where in the drawn silica or glass fiber core is hollow.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, wherein
the metal cladding is a conductive metal configured and arranged to deliver electrical energy or signal between the electrostimulation device and a sensor or pacing element,
the conductive metal is silver, or
the electrostimulation device is one of a cardiac pacemaker, cardioverter-defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy device, and a control hub, configured and arranged to interconnect to the fine wire conductor.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, wherein
the drawn glass or silica fiber core is configured and arranged to deliver optical signals from the electrostimulation device to a convertor at a distal end of the lead which is configured and arranged to convert the optical signals into electrical signals to pace the heart, or
at least one of the plurality of sensing elements is an optical or electrically based sensor configured and arranged to measure at least one of blood pressure, temperature, strain, fluid velocity, and intrinsic electrical activity.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, wherein at least one of the plurality of sensing elements is an optically-based pressure sensor configured and arranged to measure pressure through a sensing interferometer, dielectric mirror and mirrored pressure-sensitive diaphragm.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the optically-based pressure sensor is configured with a piezoelectric element to measure blood pressure.

### Claim 18 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the metal cladding is patterned to provide multiple discrete electrical conductors within the same metal layer, the multiple discrete conductors within the metal layer are in a spiral pattern around the circumference of the lead.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the sensing elements are connected to the discrete metal conductors with radially placed conductive strands.

### Claim 20 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11, further including a biocompatible insulating coating covering the fine wire lead.