# US 2014/0155533 A1 · Nano-sized composites containing polyvinyl pyrrolidone modified sodium silicates and method for making binders using same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0155533 A1 - Document ID: US20140155533A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 13/689,943 - Filed: 2012-11-30 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2012-11-30 - Assignees: United Arab Emirates University; Abu Dhabi University - Applicants: Abu Dhabi University; United Arab Emirates University - Inventors: Abdel-Mohsen Onsy Mohamed; Maisa Mabrouk El-Gamal - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140155533A1 ## CPC - C08L 39/06: Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones - C09D 139/06: Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones - C09K 3/22: for dust-laying or dust-absorbing - C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06) - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE ## Abstract This invention provides a method to form nano-sized dispersed structure consisting of aqueous sodium silicate and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) solutions, and a binder consisting of a nano-sized dispersed structure and calcium chloride dihydrate solution. The invention provides also a method to immobilize sand dunes and wind-blown dust by using the binder. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A nano-sized dispersed binder to immobilize sand dunes and wind-blown particles, said binder comprising: a polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) modified sodium silicate and a calcium chloride dihydrate solution. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 1, in which a nano-sized dispersion structure referred to as mixture A is comprised of an aqueous sodium silicate solution designated as compound (“a”) and a PVP designated as compound (“b”) is formed into a binder referred to as mixture B and calcium chloride dihydrate solution referred to as compound “c” are mixed together. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which said binder comprises from 10 to 70 vol. % of water diluted compound “a”, from about 1 to 5 wgt. % of compound “b”, and from about 0.5 to 1.5 wgt. % of compound “c”. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which compound “a” has SiO2 to Na2O weight ratios of 3.22:1 and 40% solids. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which water diluted compound “a” concentration ranges from 10 to 70 vol. % and exhibit desirable physico-chemical characteristics for pH from about 11.79 to 11.96, viscosity from about 1.33 to 9.48 centipoise, and density from about 1.089 to 1.265 g/cm3. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which compound “b” has molecular weight of 40,000, film density of 1.207 g/cm3 and nitrogen content ranging from 11.5 to 12.8%. ### Claim 7 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which compound “b” concentration ranges from 1 to 5 wgt. % and exhibits a physico-chemical characteristics for pH from about 5.83 to 4.49, viscosity from about 1.48 to 3 centipoise, and density from about 0.988 to 1.006 g/cm3. ### Claim 8 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which compound “c” exhibits a concentration ranging from about 0.5 to 1.33 wgt. %. ### Claim 9 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which mixture B possesses a pH value from about 10 to 11. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 2, in which mixture B temperature ranges from 25 to 60° C. and about 40° C. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 10, in which the desired concentrations for compound “a” ranges between 13-66.67 vol. %, compound “b” ranges between 1 to 5 wgt. %, and compound “c” ranges between 0.5 to 1.33 wgt. %. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 11, in which the desired gelation time ranges from 17 to 60 minutes. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 11, in which optimum gelling characteristics can be achieved when the ratio of reagent weight (compound “b” plus compound “c”) over compound “a” volume is maintained between 0.04 to 0.12, and viscosities between 2 to 6 centipoise. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 11, in which a weight of mixture B aqueous solution is about 15 to 25% of dry weight of sand dunes. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 1, in which upon curing the solidified material (mixture B plus sand dunes) exhibits a desirable compressive strength ranging between 3.59 to 5.29 MPa. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 1, in which upon curing the solidified material (mixture B plus sand dunes) endures a maximum material loss of 1 wgt. % when exposed to wind velocity of 14 m/s for 1 hour. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) A nano-sized dispersed binder according to claim 1, in which upon curing the solidified material (mixture B plus sand dunes) maintains a hydraulic conductivity in the order of 1.0×10−7 m/s.