# US 2014/0154981 A1 · Quadrature hybrid coupler, amplifier, and wireless communication device > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0154981 A1 - Document ID: US20140154981A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/130,875 - Filed: 2012-11-16 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2012-01-05 - Assignees: Panasonic Corporation - Applicants: Panasonic Corporation - Inventors: Toshifumi Nakatani - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154981A1 ## CPC - H01P 5/20: Magic-T junctions - H01P 5/227: {90° branch line couplers} - H03F 1/0288: {using a main and one or several auxiliary peaking amplifiers whereby the load is connected to the main amplifier using an impedance inverter, e.g. Doherty amplifiers} - H03F 3/195: in integrated circuits - H03F 3/245: {with semiconductor devices only} - H03F 99/00: Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass - H04B 5/24: Inductive coupling - H10W 20/496: {Capacitor integral with wiring layers} - H10W 20/497: {Inductive arrangements or effects of, or between, wiring layers} - H03F 2200/192: A hybrid coupler being used at the input of an amplifier circuit - H03F 2200/198: A hybrid coupler being used as coupling circuit between stages of an amplifier circuit - H03F 2200/336: A I/Q, i.e. phase quadrature, modulator or demodulator being used in an amplifying circuit - H03F 2200/408: the output amplifying stage of an amplifier comprising three power stages - H03F 2200/411: the output amplifying stage of an amplifier comprising two power stages - H03H 7/48: Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency or frequency band, to a common load or source (phase shifters providing two or more output signals H03H7/21) - H10D 84/00: Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers - H01P: WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies G02B) - H03F: AMPLIFIERS - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H10W: GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10 - H03H: IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS (waveguides, resonators, lines or other devices of the waveguide type H01P) - H10D: INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES ## Abstract A shunt capacitor includes first and second zigzag wirings having different lengths, formed in a first wiring layer, third and second zigzag wirings having different lengths, formed in a second wiring layer, an induction device and a ground. The first and fourth zigzag wirings are connected to the induction device, and the second and third zigzag wirings are connected to the ground. The first and second zigzag wirings and the third and fourth zigzag wirings cross each other three-dimensionally. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A quadrature hybrid coupler comprising: an induction device that includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal and a fourth terminal; a first microstrip transmission line, a second microstrip transmission line and a third microstrip transmission line that are connected to the first, second and third terminals; a first coupling capacitor and a second coupling capacitor that are respectively arranged between the first terminal and the second terminal and between the third terminal and the fourth terminal; a first shunt capacitor, a second shunt capacitor, a third shunt capacitor and a fourth shunt capacitor that are inserted between the first, second, third and fourth terminals and a ground of the first, second and third microstrip transmission lines; and a termination resistance that is inserted between the fourth terminal and the ground of the first, second and third microstrip transmission lines, wherein each of the first, second, third and fourth shunt capacitors includes N wiring layers including, where N is an integer of 2 or greater, a K-th layer wiring provided in at least a K-th wiring layer, where K is any one of 1 to N−1, and a (K+1)-th layer wiring provided in a (K+1)-th wiring layer, the K-th layer wiring including a first zigzag wiring connected to the induction device, and a second zigzag wiring that is connected to the ground of the microstrip transmission lines, and has a length different from a length of the first zigzag wiring, and the (K+1)-th layer wiring including a third zigzag wiring connected to the induction device, and a fourth zigzag wiring that is connected to the ground of the microstrip transmission lines, and has a length different from a length of the third zigzag wiring, wherein each of the first, second third and fourth zigzag wirings has a zigzag pattern in which a wiring along a first direction and a wiring along a second wiring crossing the first direction are coupled to each other and the wiring along the first direction and the wiring along the second direction are alternately repeated. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein the first and second zigzag wirings are alternately arranged at an equal interval, and the third and fourth zigzag wirings are alternately arranged at an equal interval. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein respective corners of the first zigzag wiring and the fourth zigzag wiring cross each other three-dimensionally in a layering direction of the wiring layers, and respective corners of the second zigzag wiring and the third zigzag wiring cross each other three-dimensionally in a layering direction of the wiring layers. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 3, wherein the wiring along the first direction and the wiring along the second direction of the first zigzag wiring cross three-dimensionally the wiring along the second direction and the wiring along the first direction of the fourth zigzag wiring in the layering direction of the wiring layers, and the wiring along the second direction and the wiring along the first direction of the second zigzag wiring cross three-dimensionally the wiring along the first direction and the wiring along the second direction of the third zigzag wiring in the layering direction of the wiring layers. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein respective corners of the first zigzag wiring and the third zigzag wiring cross each other three-dimensionally in a layering direction of the wiring layers, and respective corners of the second zigzag wiring and the fourth zigzag wiring cross each other three-dimensionally in the layering direction of the wiring layers. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 5, further comprising: a first via that connects portions of the first zigzag wiring and the third zigzag wiring, which cross each other three-dimensionally in the layering direction of the wiring layers; and a second via that connects portions of the second zigzag wiring and the fourth zigzag wiring, which cross each other three-dimensionally in the layering direction of the wiring layers. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein the first and fourth zigzag wirings overlap each other three-dimensionally in a layering direction of the wiring layers, and the second and third zigzag wirings overlap each other three-dimensionally in the layering direction of the wiring layers. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, further comprising: a first floating wiring that is provided in the K-th layer, and is provided at a position corresponding to a bent portion of the third zigzag wiring in a layering direction of the wiring layers, in a periphery of the first zigzag wiring; a second floating wiring that is provided in the (K+1)-th layer, and is provided at a position corresponding to a bent portion of the first zigzag wiring in the layering direction of the wiring layers, in a periphery of the third zigzag wiring; a first via that connects the third zigzag wiring and the first floating wiring; and a second via that connects the first zigzag wiring and the second floating wiring. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein a crossing angle of the first direction and the second direction is 90 degrees. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein the induction device has a symmetrical shape. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein the induction device has a configuration in which a plurality of wiring layers is formed in parallel in a spiral shape. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein the first and second coupling capacitors are configured using a plurality of comb-shaped wirings of a same length. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein the first and second coupling capacitors are configured using a plurality of zigzag wirings of a same length. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein a signal is input to the first microstrip transmission line, and signals having a same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees therebetween are output from the second and third microstrip transmission lines. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 1, wherein signals having a same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees therebetween are input to the second and third microstrip transmission lines, and a signal is output from the first microstrip transmission line. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) An amplifier comprising: the quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 14; a main amplifier, configured to amplify one output signal from the quadrature hybrid coupler; a peak amplifier, configured to amplify the other output signal from the quadrature hybrid coupler, and a ¼ wavelength transmission line, configured to delay a phase of an output signal from the main amplifier by 90 degrees. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) A wireless communication device comprising: a local signal generator, configured to generate a local signal; first and second quadrature hybrid couplers according to claim 14, configured to output two signals having a same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees therebetween based on the generated local signal; a quadrature modulator, configured to quadrature-modulate a transmission signal based on two output signals from the first quadrature hybrid coupler; and a quadrature-demodulator, configured to quadrature-demodulate a reception signal based on two output signals from the second quadrature hybrid coupler. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) A wireless communication device comprising: a local signal generator, configured to generate a local signal; a quadrature modulator, configured to quadrature-modulate two input signals having a phase difference of 90 degrees therebetween based on the generated local signal; the quadrature hybrid coupler according to claim 15, configured to advance or delay, by 90 degrees, a phase of one input signal among the quadrature-modulated two input signals having the phase difference of 90 degrees; and a transmission RF amplifier, configured to amplify an output signal from the quadrature hybrid coupler.