# US 2014/0154788 A1 · Electronic components on paper-based substrates > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0154788 A1 - Document ID: US20140154788A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 13/977,233 - Filed: 2012-01-04 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2011-01-04 - Assignees: Tufts University - Inventors: Fiorenzo Omenetto; David L. Kaplan; Hu Tao - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154788A1 ## CPC - B01L 3/502707: {characterised by the manufacture of the container or its components} - C12Q 1/54: involving glucose or galactose - G01J 1/02: Details - G01N 21/3563: for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor - G01N 21/3581: using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation - G01N 21/3586: by Terahertz time domain spectroscopy [THz-TDS] - G01N 22/00: Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more (G01N3/00 - G01N17/00, G01N24/00 take precedence) - B01L: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE - C12Q: MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS (immunoassay G01N33/53); COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES - G01J: MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY (light sources F21, H01J, H01K, H05B; investigating properties of materials by optical means G01N) - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) ## Abstract The present disclosure relates to paper-based substrates and apparatus comprising such substrates. The apparatus may include a patterned conductive structure coupled to the paper-based substrate, wherein the patterned conductive structure responds to electromagnetic radiation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: a paper-based substrate; and a patterned conductive structure coupled to the paper-based substrate, wherein the patterned conductive structure responds to electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the paper-based substrate has a surface roughness greater than 10 nm. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the paper-based substrate has a surface roughness between about 12 nm and about 30 nm. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the paper-based substrate comprises wood pulp. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the paper-based substrate comprises a biocompatible component. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the paper-based substrate comprises a dopant. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the dopant is a biological element. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the dopant is a pharmaceutical, antibody, fragment or portion of an antibody, antibiotic, enzyme, organic indicator, photoactive dye, cell, protein, peptide, nucleic acid analogue, nucleotide, oligonucleotide, peptide nucleic acid, aptamer, hormone, hormone antagonist, growth factor, fragment of a growth factor, variant of a growth factor, recombinant growth factor, fragment of a recombinant growth factor, variant of a recombinant growth factor, cytokine, antimicrobial compound, virus, antiviral, toxin, prodrug, drug, chemotherapeutic agent, small molecule, chromophore, light-emitting organic compound, light-emitting inorganic compounds, light-harvesting compound, light-capturing complex, or combinations thereof. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the dopant modulates the electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the patterned conductive structure is disposed on a surface of the paper-based substrate. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the patterned conductive structure is embedded in the paper-based substrate. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the patterned conductive structure comprises a conductive material. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the conductive material comprises gold, aluminum, chromium, silver, platinum, copper, titanium, nickel, rhodium, cobalt, magnesium, iron, zirconium, molybdenum, palladium, hafnium, iridium, tungsten, tantalum, indium tin oxide (ITO), polysilicon, graphite, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the patterned conductive structure comprises a resonator, split-ring resonator, polarization-sensitive electric resonator, polarization non-sensitive electric resonator, radio-frequency identification (RFID) device, metamaterial structure, antenna, conductive coil, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus responds to microwave radiation, infrared radiation, visible radiation, ultraviolet radiation, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus responds to the electromagnetic radiation to exhibit an electromagnetic signature in the terahertz (THz) frequencies, megahertz (MHz) frequencies, gigahertz (GHz) frequencies, petahertz (PHz) frequencies, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus responds to the electromagnetic radiation to exhibit an electromagnetic signature, the electromagnetic signature comprising a resonance response. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus modulates the electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim at position 19 19-21. (canceled) ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, which is a onetime-use disposable product. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) A kit comprising the apparatus of claim 1.