# US 2014/0154749 A1 · Processing biomass

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- Number: US 2014/0154749 A1
- Document ID: US20140154749A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/902,246
- Filed: 2013-05-24
- Published: 2014-06-05
- Earliest claimed: 2008-04-30
- Assignees: Xyleco, Inc.
- Applicants: Xyleco, Inc.
- Inventors: Marshall Medoff
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154749A1

## CPC

- C12P 13/24: Proline; Hydroxyproline; Histidine
- A23K 10/12: by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
- A23K 10/30: from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms (obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes, e.g. using yeasts or enzymes, A23K10/10)
- A23K 10/37: from waste material (from hydrolysates of wood or straw A23K10/32; from molasses A23K10/33)
- A23K 20/163: Sugars; Polysaccharides
- A23K 40/00: Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K 50/10: for ruminants
- A23K 50/80: for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
- A23L 5/36: {using irradiation with frequencies of more than 10 MHz}
- A23L 7/115: {Cereal fibre products, e.g. bran, husk}
- A61K 8/9789: Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A61P 31/04: Antibacterial agents
- A61Q 19/00: Preparations for care of the skin
- B01D 39/18: the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof ({cork or peat B01D39/1646} ; making filter paper D21F11/14)
- C08H 8/00: Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials {(pretreatment thereof B27N)}
- C08J 3/28: Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08L 1/02: Cellulose; Modified cellulose
- C08L 5/14: Hemicellulose; Derivatives thereof
- C12P 7/10: substrate containing cellulosic material
- C12P 7/16: Butanols
- C12P 7/40: containing a carboxyl group {including Peroxycarboxylic acids}
- C12P 7/46: Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid
- C12P 7/56: Lactic acid
- C12P 13/04: Alpha- or beta- amino acids {(other amino acids C12P13/005)}
- C12P 13/06: Alanine; Leucine; Isoleucine; Serine; Homoserine
- C12P 13/08: Lysine; Diaminopimelic acid; Threonine; Valine
- C12P 13/12: Methionine; Cysteine; Cystine
- C12P 13/14: Glutamic acid; Glutamine
- C12P 13/20: Aspartic acid; Asparagine
- C12P 13/222: {Phenylalanine}
- C12P 13/227: {Tryptophan}
- C12P 19/02: Monosaccharides (2-ketogulonic acid C12P7/60)
- C12P 19/14: produced by the action of a carbohydrase {(EC 3.2.x)}, e.g. by alpha-amylase {, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase}
- C12P 19/44: Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides {(polysaccharides and not substituted disaccharides C12P19/04, C12P19/12)}
- C13K 1/02: obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials (manufacture of fodder A23K10/32)
- D21C 5/005: {Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes}
- D21C 9/001: {Modification of pulp properties (purification D21C9/08)}
- A23V 2002/00: Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
- C12P 2201/00: Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
- C12P 2203/00: Fermentation products obtained from optionally pretreated or hydrolyzed cellulosic or lignocellulosic material as the carbon source
- Y02A 40/818: Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
- Y02E 50/10: Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
- Y02E 50/30: Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
- Y02P 60/87: Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
- C12P: FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE {(brewing of beer C12C; producing vinegar C12J; producing specific peptides or proteins C07K; producing enzymes C12N9/00; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification C12N15/00; measuring or testing processes involving enzymes or microorganisms C12Q; measuring or testing processes involving nucleic acid amplification reactions C12Q1/6844; fermentation processes to form a food composition, A21 or A23; compounds in general, see the relevant compound class, e.g. C01, C07)}
- A23K: FODDER
- A23L: FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF (preservation thereof A23B)
- A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D)
- A61P: SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61Q: SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- C08H: DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (polysaccharides C08B; natural rubber C08C; natural resins or their derivatives C09F; bituminous materials C10)
- C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29)
- C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06)
- C13K: SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES (chemically synthesised sugars or sugar derivatives C07H; polysaccharides, e.g. starch, derivatives thereof C08B; malt C12C; fermentation or enzyme-using processes for preparing compounds containing saccharide radicals C12P19/00; production of sucrose C13B)
- D21C: PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- A23V: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, microbial, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as food products and amino acids.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method comprising:
producing a sugar by the saccharification of an electron beam irradiated biomass material, wherein
the biomass material comprises a genetically modified corn or soybean.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the sugar is a low molecular weight sugar selected from the group consisting of glucose, xylose, arabinose, mannose and galactose.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the biomass is irradiated with a radiation dose of between about 10 Mrad and about 150 Mrad.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein irradiating comprises irradiating the biomass material with more than one electron beam device.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the saccarification includes treating the biomass material with a cellulolytic enzyme.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the saccharification includes chemical hydrolysis.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising converting the sugar to a product.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7 wherein converting comprises fermenting the sugar with an organism.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the organism is a yeast or a bacteria.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7 wherein the product is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, organic acids, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, oils, lipids, amino acids, vitamins, and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10 wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butane diol, glycerin, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein the alcohol is ethanol.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein the alcohol is butanol.

### Claim 14 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7 wherein the product is a carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, γ-hydroxybutyric acid, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14 wherein the acid is butyric acid.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14 wherein the acid is lactic acid.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14 wherein the acid is succinic acid.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the biomass is selected from the group consisting of paper, paper products, paper waste, wood, particle board, sawdust, agricultural waste, sewage, silage, grasses, rice hulls, bagasse, jute, hemp, flax, bamboo, sisal, abaca, straw, corn cobs, corn stover, switchgrass, alfalfa, hay, coconut hair, cotton, seaweed, algae, and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising comminuting the biomass material.