# US 2014/0154634 A1 · Staged chemical looping process with integrated oxygen generation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0154634 A1 - Document ID: US20140154634A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/088,166 - Filed: 2013-11-22 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2012-11-30 - Assignees: Saudi Arabian Oil Company - Applicants: Saudi Arabian Oil Company - Inventors: Tidjani NIASS; Mourad V. YOUNES - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154634A1 ## CPC - F23C 10/01: in a fluidised bed of catalytic particles - C01B 13/0248: {Physical processing only} - C01B 13/0251: {by making use of membranes} - F23C 99/00: Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass - F23L 7/007: {Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air} - F23C 2900/99008: Unmixed combustion, i.e. without direct mixing of oxygen gas and fuel, but using the oxygen from a metal oxide, e.g. FeO - Y02E 20/34: Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery - F23C: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN {A CARRIER GAS OR} AIR (burners F23D) - C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C} - F23L: SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ({air-supply arrangements for fluent fuels F23C;} firebridges with means for feeding air or steam F23M3/04; baffles or shields with air supply passages F23M9/04); VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS {(dampers and throat restrictors for open fire-places F24; air inlet valves for open fire fronts F24)}; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract Disclosed is a method for enhanced fuel combustion to maximize the capture of by-product carbon dioxide. According to various embodiments of the invention, a method for combusting fuel in a two-stage process is provided, which includes in-situ oxygen generation. In-situ oxygen generation allows for the operation of a second oxidation stage to further combust fuel, thus maximizing fuel conversion efficiency. The integrated oxygen generation also provides an increased secondary reactor temperature, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency of the process. The means of in-situ oxygen is not restricted to one particular embodiment, and can occur using an oxygen generation reactor, an ion transport membrane, or both. A system configured to the second stage combustion method is also disclosed. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of two-stage combustion integrating in situ oxygen generation, the method comprising: oxidizing, using an air reactor, a reduced oxygen carrier stream to form an oxidized oxygen carrier stream; separating, in a primary separator, an oxygen carrier and oxygen-depleted air from the oxidized oxygen carrier stream; producing, in an oxygen generation system, gaseous oxygen; combusting, using a primary fuel reactor, fuel in the presence of the oxygen carrier; combusting, using a secondary fuel reactor, at least one of an additional fuel supply and an unburned fuel exiting the primary fuel reactor in the presence of the gaseous oxygen. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing comprises oxidizing the reduced oxygen carrier stream using one of a riser reactor and a fluidized bed reactor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the combusting comprises combusting the fuel using the primary fuel reactor being one of a fluidized bed reactor and a moving bed reactor. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the combusting the at least one of the additional fuel supply and the unburned fuel exiting the primary fuel reactor comprises combusting such a fuel using an oxy-fuel boiler or any type of a combustion chamber. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the producing comprises generating the gaseous oxygen in an ion transport membrane of the oxygen generation system for one of internal use or as a utility. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein the generating the gaseous oxygen in the ion transport membrane comprises separating oxygen from the oxygen-depleted air leaving the primary separator. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the producing comprises generating the gaseous oxygen in an oxygen generation reactor of the oxygen generation system for one of internal use or as a utility. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the oxygen carrier leaving the primary separator enters at least one of the primary fuel reactor, the oxygen generation reactor, and the secondary fuel reactor. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the producing comprises generating the gaseous oxygen in the oxygen generation reactor by at least one of increasing pressure of the oxygen generation reactor, adjusting the oxygen generation reactor temperature, and injecting a sweep gas, the sweep gas selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide and steam, in the presence of the oxygen carrier. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, further comprising: separating, in a secondary separator, the gaseous oxygen and the oxygen carrier. ### Claim 11 A system for two-stage combustion integrating in situ oxygen generation, the system comprising: an air reactor configured to oxidize a reduced oxygen carrier stream to form an oxidized oxygen carrier stream; a primary separator configured to separate an oxygen carrier and oxygen-depleted air from the oxidized oxygen carrier stream; an oxygen generation system configured to produce gaseous oxygen; a primary fuel reactor configured to combust fuel in the presence of the oxygen carrier; and a secondary fuel reactor configured to combust at least one of an additional fuel supply and an unburned fuel exiting the primary fuel reactor in the presence of the gaseous oxygen. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the air reactor comprises one of a riser reactor and a fluidized bed reactor. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the primary fuel reactor comprises one of a fluidized bed reactor and a moving bed reactor. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the secondary fuel reactor further comprises an oxy-fuel boiler or any type of a combustion chamber. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the oxygen generation system comprises an ion transport membrane. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the ion transport membrane is configured to produce the gaseous oxygen by separating oxygen from the oxygen-depleted air leaving the primary separator. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the oxygen generation system comprises an oxygen generation reactor. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the oxygen carrier leaving the primary separator enters at least one of the primary fuel reactor, the oxygen generation reactor, and the secondary fuel reactor. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the oxygen generation reactor is configured to produce the gaseous oxygen by at least one of increasing pressure of the oxygen generation reactor, adjusting the oxygen generation reactor temperature, and injecting one of a sweep gas, the sweep gas selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide and steam, in the presence of the oxygen carrier. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, further comprising: a secondary separator configured to separate the gaseous oxygen and the oxygen carrier.