# US 2014/0154590 A1 · Electrolyte For Lithium-Based Energy Stores

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 2014/0154590 A1
- Document ID: US20140154590A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 14/236,110
- Filed: 2012-08-02
- Published: 2014-06-05
- Earliest claimed: 2011-08-03
- Assignees: WestfäLische Wilhelms-UniversitäT MüNster
- Inventors: Elisabeth Kramer; Rene Schmitz; Stefano Passerini; Martin Winter
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154590A1

## CPC

- H01M 10/0567: characterised by the additives
- H01G 11/58: Liquid electrolytes
- H01M 10/052: Li-accumulators
- H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
- H01M 14/00: Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups H01M6/00 - H01M12/00; Manufacture thereof
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01G: CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B3/00; capacitors having potential barriers H10D1/62, H10K10/10)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

The invention relates to an electrolyte, comprising at least one lithium salt, a solvent, and at least one compound according to general formula (1). The invention further relates to lithium-based energy stores comprising such an electrolyte.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electrolyte containing at least one lithium salt, one solvent and at least one compound of the following general formula (1)
wherein:
X is selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br and/or I;
R1 is hydrogen or a C1-6-aliphatic group, unsubstituted or simply or multiply substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen and/or C1-4-alkoxy;
R2 is a C1-6-aliphatic group optionally simply or multiply substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen and/or C1-4-alkoxy;
wherein R1 and R2X are not simultaneously CF3; or
R1 and R2 together form simultaneously a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring which can be simply or multiply substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen and/or C1-4-alkoxy.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one compound has the following general formula (2):
wherein
X is selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br and/or I;
R1 is selected from the group comprising hydrogen and/or linear or branched C1-C5-alkyl, C2-C5-alkenyl or C2-C5-alkinyl which are unsubstituted or substituted with one or more equal or different substituents selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen and/or C1-4-alkoxy;
R3 is selected from the group comprising H and/or linear or branched C1-C4-alkyl, C2-C4-alkenyl or C2-C4-alkinyl which are unsubstituted or are substituted with one or more equal or different substituents selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I,
C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen and/or C1-4-alkoxy;
R4 is selected from the group comprising H, F, Cl, Br, I and/or linear or branched C1-C4-alkyl, C2-C4-alkenyl or C2-C4-alkinyl which are unsubstituted or are substituted with one or more equal or different substituents selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I,
C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen and/or C1-4-alkoxy.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that X is fluorine.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The electrolyte according to claim 2, characterized in that:
R1 is selected from the group comprising hydrogen and/or linear or branched, unsubstituted or simply or multiply F-substituted C1-C5-alkyl preferably selected from the group comprising CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, C2H5, C2H4F, C2H3F2, C2H2F3, C2HF4 and/or C2F5, preferably selected from the group comprising CH3, CH2F, CHF2 and/or CF3;
R3 is selected from the group comprising hydrogen and/or linear or branched, unsubstituted or simply or multiply F-substituted C1-C4-alkyl, preferably selected from the group comprising CH3, CH2F, CHF2 and/or CF3, and
R4 is selected from the group comprising of H, F and/or linear or branched, unsubstituted or simply or multiply F-substituted C1-C4-alkyl, preferably selected from the group comprising of CH3, CH2F, CHF2 and/or CF3.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1 characterized in that:
X is selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br and/or I;
R1 is selected from the group comprising H, CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, C2H5, C2H4F, C2H3F2, C2H2F3 and/or C2HF4 and preferably from the group comprising CH3, CH2F, CHF2 and/or CF3;
R2 is a —CR3R4— group wherein:
R3 is selected from the group comprising H, CH3, CH2F, CHF2 and/or CF3, and
R4 is selected from the group comprising H, F, CH3, CH2F and/or CHF2, or
R1 and R3 together form a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring, with R4 being hydrogen.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1 characterized in that:
X is F;
R1 is selected from the group comprising H, CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, C2H5, C2H4F, C2H3F2, C2H2F3 and/or C2HF4, preferably selected from the group comprising CH3, CH2F, CHF2 and/or CF3;
R2 is a —CR3R4— group wherein:
R3 is hydrogen, and
R4 is selected from the group comprising H, F, CH3, CH2F and/or CHF2.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1 characterized in that the compound of general formula (1) is selected from the group comprising CF3—C(O)—CHF2, CF3—C(O)—CH2F, CHF2—C(O)—CHF2, CF3—C(O)—CH3, CH2F—C(O)—CHF2, CHF2—C(O)—CH3, CH2F—C(O)—CHF2 and/or CH2F—C(O)—CH3.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1 characterized in that the solvent is an aprotic solvent selected in particular from the group comprising propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, acetonitrile, glutaronitrile, adiponitrile, pimelonitrile, gamma-butyrolactone and/or gamma-valerolactone, an ionic liquid selected in particular from the group comprising of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and/or N-methyl-N-propyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and/or a polymer electrolyte selected in particular from the group comprising polyethyleneoxide, polyacrylonitrile and/or polymethylmethacrylate.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixture of the solvent and of the at least one compound of general formula (1) contains the at least one compound of general formula (1) in the range of ≧0.1 wt. % to ≦15 wt. %, preferably in the range of ≧1.5 wt. % to ≦7 wt. % and preferably in the range of ≧1 wt. % to ≦5 wt. % based on the total weight of the mixture.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that the lithium salt is selected from the group comprising LiPF6, LiBF4, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiClO4, LiPtCl6, LiN(SO2CF3)2, LiC(SO2CF3)3 and LiSO3CF3, lithium borate salts preferably selected from lithium bisoxalatoborate, lithium difluorooxalatoborate, lithium difluoromalonatoborate, lithium difluoroglycolatoborate, lithium difluorosalicylatoborate, lithium difluorolactatoborate and/or lithium difluoropyrocatecholoborate, lithium salts of sulfonyl imides, preferably of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide, and/or lithium tetrafluoro(oxalate)phosphate, LiPF6 being particularly preferred.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

Lithium-based energy stores, preferably a lithium battery, lithium ion battery, lithium ion accumulator, lithium polymer battery or lithium ion condenser containing an electrolyte according to claim 1.

### Claim 12

Use of a compound of general formula (1) shown hereinbelow
wherein:
X is selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br and/or I;
R1 is hydrogen or a C1-6-aliphatic group, unsubstituted or simply or multiply substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen, and/or C1-4-alkoxy;
R2 is a C1-6-aliphatic group, optionally simply or multiply substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen, and/or C1-4-alkoxy;
wherein R1 and R2X are not simultaneously CF3; or
R1 and R2 together form a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring which can be simply or multiply substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group comprising F, Cl, Br, I, C1-4-alkyl, carbonyl oxygen, and/or C1-4-alkoxy,
in electrolytes for primary and secondary electrochemical lithium-based energy stores, preferably selected from the group comprising lithium batteries, lithium ion batteries, lithium ion accumulators, lithium polymer batteries and/or lithium ion condensers.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

Use according to claim 12, characterized in that
X is selected from the group comprising of F, Cl, Br and/or I;
R1 is selected from the group comprising H, CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, C2H5, C2H4F, C2H3F2, C2H2F3 and/or C2HF4 and preferably from the group comprising of CH3, CH2F, CHF2 and/or CF3;
R2 a —CR3R4— group wherein
R3 is selected from the group comprising H, CH3, CH2F, CHF2, and/or CF3, and
R4 is selected from the group comprising H, F, CH3, CH2F and/or CHF2, or
R1 and R3 together form a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring wherein R4 is hydrogen.