# US 2014/0154433 A1 · Print medium > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0154433 A1 - Document ID: US20140154433A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/233,748 - Filed: 2011-07-21 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2011-07-21 - Assignees: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. - Inventors: Jason Swei; Sandeep K Bangaru - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154433A1 ## CPC - B41M 5/5218: {characterised by inorganic additives, e.g. pigments, clays} - B05D 1/00: Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials (B05D5/00, B05D7/00 take precedence) - B41M 5/502: {characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials (supports, backcoats or intermediate layers for thermal dye transfer donor and receiver sheets B41M5/41, B41M5/42)} - B41M 5/506: {Intermediate layers} - B41M 5/508: {Supports} - B41M 5/52: Macromolecular coatings - B41M 5/5254: {characterised by the use of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers} - C04B 41/009: {characterised by the material treated} - B41M: PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING, (correction of typographical errors B41J; processes for applying transfer pictures or the like B44C1/16; fluid media for correction of typographical errors by coating C09D10/00; printing textiles D06P) - B05D: PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G49/02) - C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE ## Abstract A print medium includes a first layer on at least one of a first side and a second side of a substrate and a second layer. The first layer consists essentially of at least 80% by dry weight of one or more particulate inorganic pigments (PIPs). A combination of a particle size and a coat weight of the first layer on the substrate yields an effective pore size of the first layer in a range of about 0.008 to about 0.5 microns. For two or more PIPs in the first layer, the average particle size of one of the PIPs differs by no more than about 50% from the average particle size of another of the PIPs. The second layer is on top of the first layer and includes a particulate inorganic pigment (PIP) having an average particle size of about 0.1 to about 2 microns. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A print medium comprising: a first layer on at least one of a first side and a second side of a substrate, the first layer consisting essentially of at least 80% by dry weight of one or more particulate inorganic pigments (PIPs), wherein a combination of a particle size and a coat weight of the first layer on the substrate yields an effective pore size of the first layer in a range of about 0.008 to about 0.5 microns and wherein, for two or more PIPs in the first layer, the average particle size of one of the PIPs does not differ from the average particle size of another of the PIPs by more that 50%; and a second layer on top of the first layer, the second layer comprising a PIP having an average particle size of about 0.1 to about 2 microns. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The print medium according to claim 1, wherein the particulate inorganic pigment (PIP) of the first layer has an average particle size of about 0.5 to about 10 microns. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The print medium according to claim 1 wherein a coat weight of the first layer on the print medium substrate is about 2 to about 30 grams per square meter. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The print medium according to claim 1 wherein the particulate inorganic pigment (PIP) of the first layer is calcined clay, ultra-fine precipitated calcium carbonate, modified calcium carbonate, ground calcium carbonate, or combinations thereof ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The print medium according to claim 1 wherein the PIP of the second layer is clay, calcined clay, precipitated calcium carbonate, ground calcium carbonate, dolomite, aluminum silicate, mica, magnesium carbonate, silica, alumina, boehmite, talc, or combinations thereof ### Claim 6 A print medium comprising: a print medium substrate comprising a first side and a second side; a first layer on at least one of the first side and the second side of the print medium substrate, the first layer consisting essentially of at least 80% by dry weight of a particulate inorganic pigment (PIP) selected from the group consisting of calcined clay, modified calcium carbonate, ground calcium carbonate, ultra-fine precipitated calcium carbonate, and combinations thereof, wherein for a combination of particulate inorganic pigments (PIPs) average particle sizes of the PIPs do not differ by more than about 50%; and a second layer on top of the first layer, the second layer comprising a PIP having an average particle size of about 0.1 to about 2 microns. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6, wherein a combination of an average particle size and a particle size distribution of the particulate inorganic pigment and a coat weight of the first layer on the print medium substrate yields an effective pore size of the first layer in the range of about 0.008 microns to about 0.5 microns. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6, wherein the particulate inorganic pigment of the first layer is a combination of calcined clay and ground calcium carbonate. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6, wherein the particulate inorganic pigment of the first layer has an average particle size of about 0.5 microns to about 10 microns. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6 wherein a coat weight of the first layer on the print medium substrate is about 2 to about 30 grams per square meter. ### Claim 11 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6 wherein the particulate inorganic pigment of the second layer is selected from the group consisting of clay, calcined clay, precipitated calcium carbonate, dolomite, aluminum silicate, mica, magnesium carbonate, silica, alumina, boehmite, talc, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 12 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6 wherein the print medium substrate is paper or coated paper. ### Claim 13 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6 wherein the first layer and the second layer are on both the first side and the second side of the print medium substrate. ### Claim 14 (depends on 6) The print medium according to claim 6 wherein one or both of the first layer and the second layer comprise a polymeric binder in an amount by dry weight of about 2% to about 20%. ### Claim 15 A method of preparing a print medium, the method comprising: coating a print medium substrate with a first layer, which in a dried state consists essentially of at least 80% by dry weight of a particulate inorganic pigment selected from the group consisting of calcined clay, modified calcium carbon, ground calcium carbonate, ultra-fine precipitated calcium carbonate and combinations thereof, wherein for a combination or two or more particulate inorganic pigments average particle sizes of the particulate inorganic pigments do not differ by more than about 50%; and coating a second layer on top of the first layer, wherein the second layer comprises a particulate inorganic pigment having an average particle size of about 0.1 micron to about 2 microns.