# US 2014/0154392 A1 · Process for upgrading low value renewable oils > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0154392 A1 - Document ID: US20140154392A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/174,589 - Filed: 2014-02-06 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2010-05-21 - Assignees: H R D Corporation - Applicants: H R D Corporation - Inventors: Abbas HASSAN; Aziz Hassan; Gregory G. Borsinger - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154392A1 ## CPC - C11C 3/12: by hydrogenation - A23B 7/153: in the form of liquids or solids - C08L 95/00: Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch - C09D 7/63: organic - C09D 11/06: based on fatty oils - C09J 131/04: Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate - C09K 8/265: {containing inorganic additives} - C10L 11/04: consisting of combustible material (matches C06F) - C11B 13/00: Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials - Y02A 30/30: in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways - Y02W 30/74: Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes - C11C: FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM - A23B: PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES - C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06) - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - C09J: ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES (preparation of glue or gelatine C09H) - C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE - C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS - C11B: PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES (drying-oils C09F) - Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE - Y02W: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT ## Abstract Steps in the processing of oils derived from plants or vegetables include the degumming, deodorizing and bleaching of the oil before it can be used for further applications. By eliminating one or more of these steps from the processing of the oil, followed by hydrogenating the oil to a specified degree of hydrogenation, the resulting upgraded oils can be incorporated into products having commercial applications. The process uses a high shear mixing device and a hydrogenation catalyst. The process can utilize a single or multiple high shear devices, and utilize renewable oils instead of increasingly scarce petroleum based products. The resulting hydrogenated products may then be utilized in a variety of other commercial applications, such as to render cellulosic products water resistant, provide a coating for numerous cellulosic products, adhesive compositions, ink compositions, firelog compositions, drilling muds or asphalt modifiers. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A hot-melt adhesive composition, the adhesive composition comprising: (a) about 25% to about 35% by weight of a thermoplastic copolymer comprising an ethylene containing copolymer, the copolymer being selected from the group consisting of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, and copolymers and terpolymers thereof, the copolymer having a vinyl acetate content from about 18% to about 28%; (b) about 15% to about 40% by weight of a tackifier resin; and (c) about 15 to about 35% by weight of an upgraded hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm. ### Claim 2 An ink composition, comprising: between 20%-60% weight percent of an acrylic resin dispersion; between 5%-30% weight percent of a pigment; between 0.5%-10% weight percent of an alcohol; between 20%-75% weight percent of an aqueous solvent; and between 0.5% to 5% weight percent of an upgraded hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm. ### Claim 3 A fire log comprising: an organic fibrous substrate; upgraded hydrogenated oil absorbed onto the fibrous organic substrate, the enhanced hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm; and a wax casing enclosing the organic fibrous substrate, wherein the content of the upgraded hydrogenated oil ranges from about 50% to about 85% by weight thereof. ### Claim 4 A fire log composition comprising: a combustible material; an upgraded hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm; and a wax. ### Claim 5 A composition for application to a fibrous cellulosic material, the composition comprising a hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm; the composition applied in a quantity to render the cellulosic material resistant to water, the applied composition being repulpable in a warm aqueous alkaline solution. ### Claim 6 A water-oil emulsion comprising: about 10% to about 50%, based on the total weight of the emulsion, of a hydrogenated vegetable oil, the hydrogenated vegetable oil being produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm; the hydrogenated vegetable oil being characterized by having an iodine value ranging from about 0 to about 100; about 50% to about 90% by weight water, based on the total weight of the emulsion; about 1% to about 25% by weight of a surface-active agent, based on the total weight of the emulsion; and about 0.02% to about 2.5% of an acid or base, based on the total weight of the emulsion. ### Claim 7 A composition to render a gypsum product water resistant, the composition comprising a hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm; the hydrogenated oil having an iodine value ranging from about 0 to about 100, and the composition being added to the gypsum in a quantity sufficient to render the gypsum product water resistant. ### Claim 8 Use of a hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm, wherein the hydrogenated oil is added to a drilling mud in a quantity sufficient to prevent loss of fluid from the drilling mud. ### Claim 9 Use of a hydrogenated oil produced by: subjecting an oil feedstock and hydrogen to high shear in at least one high shear device; wherein the at least one high shear device comprises a vessel containing the oil feedstock and at least one inlet for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; and forming the dispersion in the high shear device whereby the hydrogen reacts with the oil feedstock to saturate at least a portion of the oil feedstock, whereby the dispersion comprises hydrogen bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm, wherein the hydrogenated oil is added to an asphalt composition in a quantity sufficient to improve the properties of the asphalt composition. ### Claim 10 A system for the hydrogenation of a renewable oil feedstock, the system comprising: at least one high shear device comprising: at least one inlet for a stream comprising the renewable oil and at least one for a stream comprising hydrogen gas, and comprising an outlet for a dispersion; at least one toothed rotor/stator pair separated by a clearance; an outlet for a dispersion comprising hydrogen gas bubbles having an average bubble size of less than about 5 μm; and at least one vessel downstream of the at least one high shear device. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system as described in claim 10, further comprising a vessel coupled to the high shear device, the vessel configured for receiving a partially hydrogenated oil from the high shear device. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The system as described in claim 11, wherein the vessel further comprises an outlet for a recycle stream, the outlet for the recycle stream being fluidly connected with the inlet for a stream comprising the oil feedstock. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The process as described in claim 10, wherein the oil feedstock is selected from the group consisting of soybean, rape seed, sunflower, safflower, palm, palm kernel, coconut, cottonseed, wheat germ, olive, corn, hemp, crambe, peanut, canola, jatropha plant, castor bean, coriander, hazelnut, hempseed, mango kernel, meadowfoam, palm olein, palm stearin, palm kernel olein, palm kernel stearin, peanut, rice bran, sasanqua, sunflower seed, tsubaki and combinations thereof. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The process as described in claim 13, wherein the oil feedstock has not been decolorized. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The process as described in claim 13, wherein the oil feedstock oil has not been bleached. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The process as described in claim 13, wherein the oil feedstock oil has not been deodorized. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The system as described in claim 10, wherein the at least one rotor is rotatable at a tip speed of at least 22.9 m/s (4,500 ft/min), wherein the tip speed is defined as πDn, where D is the diameter of the rotor and n is the frequency of revolution. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The system as described in claim 17, wherein the at least one rotor is able to provide shear rate of at least 20,000 s−1 during operation, wherein the shear rate is defined as the tip speed divided by the shear gap, and wherein the tip speed is defined as πDn, where D is the diameter of the rotor and n is the frequency of revolution. ### Claim 19 (depends on 10) The system as described in claim 10, wherein the at least one rotor is separated from the at least one stator by a shear gap in the range of from about 0.02 mm to about 5 mm, wherein the shear gap is the minimum distance between the at least one rotor and the at least one stator. ### Claim 20 (depends on 10) The system as described in claim 10, wherein the high shear device comprises at least two generators, wherein each generator comprises a rotor and a complementary shaped stator. ### Claim 21 (depends on 10) The system as described in claim 10, further comprising more than one high shear device.