# US 2014/0154148 A1 · Vaporization and Transportation of Alkali Metal Salts

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- Number: US 2014/0154148 A1
- Document ID: US20140154148A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 14/088,108
- Filed: 2013-11-22
- Published: 2014-06-05
- Earliest claimed: 2008-04-22
- Assignees: Fina Technology, Inc.
- Applicants: FINA TECHNOLOGY, Inc.
- Inventors: Joseph E. Pelati; James R. Butler; Hollie Craig
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140154148A1

## CPC

- B01F 25/31: in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
- B01B 1/005: {Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions}
- B01D 7/00: Sublimation (B01D8/00 takes precedence; freeze-drying F26)
- B01F 25/313: wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
- B01J 4/001: {Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes}
- B01J 8/02: with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J 38/06: using steam
- B01J 38/64: using alkaline material; using salts
- C07C 5/32: by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
- B01F: MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING (mixing paints B44D3/06)
- B01B: BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS {; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS}
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C07C: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS

## Abstract

An apparatus and method for vaporizing and transporting an alkali metal salt is shown. The apparatus has a first conduit capable of transporting an alkali metal salt solution and a second conduit in fluid communication with the first conduit, the second conduit capable of transporting steam so that the alkali metal salt is dissipated into the steam forming a solution that can be transported, such as to a remote reaction zone. The solution can be transported via a third conduit that is capable of being heated by a heat source. The method can be used to add a promoter to a dehydrogenation catalyst during a dehydrogenation reaction.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus for vaporizing an alkali metal salt into steam, comprising:
a first conduit capable of transporting a first stream of an alkali metal salt solution, the first conduit having at least one opening through which the first stream can exit the first conduit;
a second conduit in fluid communication with the first conduit, wherein the second conduit is capable of transporting a second stream comprising steam;
wherein as the first stream exits the first conduit it is dissipated into the second stream forming a third stream comprising the alkali metal salt of the first stream in solution with the steam of the second stream;
a third conduit in fluid communication with the second conduit, wherein the third conduit is capable of being heated by a heat source;
and wherein the third conduit is capable of transporting the third stream.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one diffuser located adjacent to the at least one opening of the first conduit to dissipate the first stream into the second stream.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third conduit is connected to a fourth conduit for transporting the third stream into a fourth stream within the fourth conduit.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The apparatus of claim 3 further comprising:
a weir located adjacent to the connection of the third conduit to the fourth conduit to restrict the flow of any of the alkali metal that is not dissipated into the second stream from entering the fourth conduit.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the portion of the first conduit containing the at least one opening is disposed within the second conduit and forms a mixing chamber wherein the first stream is dissipated into the second stream to form the third stream prior to the third stream entering the third conduit.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the mixing chamber is capable of being heated by a heat source.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the heat source is a steam jacket.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the portion of the first conduit containing the at least one opening is disposed within the second conduit in a substantially concentric arrangement.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heat source is a steam jacket.

### Claim at position 10

10-23. (canceled)

### Claim 24 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heat source comprises a first heat source configured to heat the second conduit, a second heat source configured to heat the third conduit, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 25 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heat source comprises a heat exchanger, an electrical heating element, a radiative heat source, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 26 (depends on 3)

The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the fourth conduit comprises a dehydrogenation catalyst.

### Claim 27 (depends on 3)

The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a fifth conduit in fluid communication with the third conduit.

### Claim 28 (depends on 27)

The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising a sixth conduit in fluid communication with the third conduit.

### Claim 29

An apparatus for enhancing an activity of a dehydrogenation catalyst promoted with an alkali metal during a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction, comprising:
a first conduit capable of transporting a first stream;
a second conduit in fluid communication with the first conduit, wherein the second conduit is capable of transporting a second stream, and wherein an opening of the first conduit is configured to dissipate the first stream into the second stream;
a third conduit in fluid communication with the second conduit, wherein the third conduit is downstream from the first conduit and the second conduit;
a first heat source capable of heating the third conduit, and optionally a second heat source capable of heating the second conduit.

### Claim 30 (depends on 29)

The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising a fourth conduit in fluid communication with the third conduit, wherein the fourth conduit is downstream from the third conduit.

### Claim 31 (depends on 30)

The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the fourth conduit comprises the dehydrogenation catalyst.

### Claim 32 (depends on 30)

The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising a fifth conduit in fluid communication with the third conduit, wherein the fifth conduit is upstream from the fourth conduit and downstream from the first conduit and the second conduit.

### Claim 33 (depends on 32)

The apparatus of claim 32, further comprising a sixth conduit in fluid communication with the third conduit, wherein the sixth conduit is upstream from the fourth conduit and downstream from the first conduit and the second conduit.

### Claim 34 (depends on 30)

The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising a weir located adjacent to the connection of the third conduit to the fourth conduit.

### Claim 35 (depends on 29)

The apparatus of claim 29, further comprising a diffuser located adjacent to the opening of the first conduit to dissipate the first stream into the second stream.

### Claim 36 (depends on 29)

The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the portion of the first conduit containing the opening is disposed within the second conduit, wherein the second conduit comprises a mixing chamber, and wherein the first stream is dissipated into the second stream to form a third stream prior to the third stream entering the third conduit.

### Claim 37 (depends on 36)

The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the mixing chamber is capable of being heated by the second heat source.

### Claim 38 (depends on 29)

The apparatus of claim 29, wherein each heat source comprises a steam jacket, a heat exchanger, an electrical heating element, or a radiative heat source.

### Claim 39 (depends on 29)

The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the portion of the first conduit containing the opening is disposed within the second conduit in a substantially concentric arrangement.

### Claim 40 (depends on 29)

The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the first stream comprises an alkali metal salt solution, the second stream comprises steam, and the third stream comprises the alkali metal salt in solution with the steam.