# US 2014/0153390 A1 · Enhanced local access in mobile communications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0153390 A1 - Document ID: US20140153390A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/118,473 - Filed: 2012-05-31 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2011-06-01 - Assignees: Ntt Docomo, Inc. - Inventors: Hiroyuki Ishii; Sean A. Ramprashad; Sayandev Mukherjee - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140153390A1 ## CPC - H04W 52/242: {taking into account path loss} - H04W 28/0864: {of different hierarchy levels, e.g. Master Evolved Node B [MeNB] or Secondary Evolved node B [SeNB]} - H04W 36/00695: {using split of the control plane or user plane} - H04W 52/383: {power control in peer-to-peer links} - H04W 76/14: Direct-mode setup - H04W 76/15: Setup of multiple wireless link connections - H04W 36/00692: {using simultaneous multiple data streams, e.g. cooperative multipoint [CoMP], carrier aggregation [CA] or multiple input multiple output [MIMO] (allocation of physical resources in CoMP or in CA H04L5/0035)} - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract A hybrid user equipment and advanced user equipment data offloading architecture is provided. In this hybrid architecture, the advanced user equipment includes a backhaul link to a telecommunication network and/or the Internet. The user equipment can send and receive data through the advanced user equipment using the backhaul link. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An advanced user equipment for offloading data traffic in a cellular telecommunications system, comprising: a-macro-base-station-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication section configured to receive a first control-plane message from a base station over a wireless Macro2D communication link; a user-equipment-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (D2D) communication section configured to transmit user-plane data to a user equipment over a wireless D2D communication link established responsive to the first control-plane message; and a backhaul communication section configured to receive the user-plane traffic data from a server over a backhaul link. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the Macro2D communication link is an LTE link. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The advanced user equipment of claim 2, wherein the D2D communication link uses a carrier frequency that is different from a carrier frequency used in the Macro2D communication link. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a second control-plane message from the base station, and wherein the D2D communication section is configured to release the D2D communication link responsive to the second control-plane message. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit the user-plane data in a radio resource allocated by the base station. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit the user-plane data using radio bearers assigned by the base station. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a third control-plane message from the base station, and wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit a pilot signal to the user equipment responsive to the third control-plane message to enable the user equipment to measure a radio link quality of the D2D communication link using the pilot signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit the user-plane data to the user equipment using time slots that are time division multiplexed with time slots used by the user equipment to receive additional user-plane data from the base station. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a fourth control-plane message from the base station, and wherein the D2D communication section is configured to reconfigure the D2D communication link responsive to the fourth control-plane message. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to receive third user-plane data from the user equipment over the D2D communication link, and to upload the third user-plane data to the server over the backhaul link. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The advanced user equipment of claim 1, wherein the backhaul communication section is configured to connect to the server via at least one of a serving gateway, a PDN gateway, and the base station. ### Claim 12 A mobile station (user equipment) configured to receive offloaded data from an advanced user equipment in a cellular telecommunication system, comprising: a macro-base-station-to-the-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication section configured to receive both control-plane data and first user-plane data from the base station over a wireless Macro2D communication link; and an advanced-user-device-to-the-user-equipment (D2D) communication section configured to receive second user-plane data from a server through the advanced user device using a wireless D2D communication link, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a first control-plane message from the base station over the Macro2D communication link, and wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to establish the D2D communication link responsive to the first control-plane message. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the Macro2D communication link is an LTE link. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the D2D communication link uses a carrier frequency that is different from a carrier frequency used in the Macro2D communication link. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a second control-plane message from the base station, and wherein the D2D communication section is configured to release the D2D communication link responsive to the second control-plane message. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to receive the second user-plane data in a radio resource allocated by the base station. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to receive the second user-plane data using radio bearers assigned by the base station. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a third control-plane message from the base station, and wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to receive a pilot signal transmitted by the advanced user equipment and to make measurement for a radio link quality of the pilot signal, wherein a radio resource for the pilot signal is indicated in the third control-plane message. ### Claim 19 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit third user-plane data to the server through the advanced user equipment using the D2D communication link. ### Claim 20 (depends on 10) The mobile station of claim 10, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a fourth control-plane message from the base station, and wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit a pilot signal to the advanced user equipment responsive to the fourth control-plane message to enable the advanced user equipment to measure a radio link quality of the D2D communication link using the pilot signal. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The mobile station of claim 1, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a fifth control-plane message from the base station, and wherein the D2D communication section is configured to reconfigure the D2D communication link responsive to the fifth control-plane message. ### Claim 22 A macro base station for controlling a user equipment (UE) and an advanced user equipment (UE-A) in a cellular telecommunications network, comprising: a macro-base-station-to-the-UE-and-to-the-UE-A (Macro2D) communication section configured to exchange user-plane and control-plane data with the UE using a first wireless Macro2D communication link and to exchange control-plane data with the UE-A using a second wireless Macro2D communication link; and a control unit configured to control an establishment and also a release/reconfiguration/handover of a UE-to-UE-A (D2D) communication link through a first control-plane message transmitted to at least one of the UE and the UE-A using the respective one of the Macro2D communication links, wherein the control unit is further configured to identify user-plane data to be exchanged between the UE and the UE-A using the D2D communication link. ### Claim 23 (depends on 20) The macro base station of claim 20, wherein the control unit is further configured to determine a radio resource allocation for the D2D link using a second control-plane message transmitted by the Macro2D communication section to the UE and to the UE-A using the first and second Macro2D communication links. ### Claim 24 (depends on 22) The macro base station of claim 22, wherein the control unit is configured to identify the user-plane data to be exchanged between the UE and the UE-A using the D2D communication link by assigning a radio bearer for the D2D link using a fourth control-plane message transmitted by the Macro2D communication section to the UE and to the UE-A using the first and second Macro2D communication links. ### Claim 25 (depends on 21) The macro base station of claim 21, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a measurement report from at least one of the UE and the UE-A using the respective Macro2D link, and wherein the measurement report includes measurements of a radio link quality for the D2D communication link, and wherein the control unit is configured to determine at least one of the establishment, the release, the reconfiguration, handover, and the radio resource allocation responsive to the measurement report. ### Claim 26 (depends on 21) The macro base station of claim 21, wherein the control unit is further configured to select a transport format for the D2D link using a third control-plane message transmitted by the Macro2D communication section to the UE and to the UE-A using the first and second Macro2D communication links. ### Claim 27 A method of communicating using an advanced user equipment in a cellular telecommunication system, comprising: at the advanced user equipment, receiving a first control-plane message from a base station over a macro-base-station-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication link; at the advanced user equipment, establishing a user-equipment-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (D2D) communication link responsive to the first control-plane message; at the advanced user equipment, receiving downlink user-plane data from a server over a backhaul link; and from the advanced user equipment, transmitting the downlink user-plane data over the D2D communication link. ### Claim 28 A method of communicating using a user equipment in a cellular telecommunication system, comprising: at the user equipment, receiving a first control-plane message from a base station over a macro-base-station-to-the-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication link; at the user equipment, establishing an advanced-user-equipment-to-the-user-equipment (D2D) communication link responsive to the first control-plane message; at the user equipment, receiving downlink user-plane data from the advanced user equipment over the D2D communication link. ### Claim 29 A method of communicating using a macro base station for controlling a user equipment (UE) and an advanced user equipment (UE-A) in a cellular telecommunication system, comprising: at the macro base station, exchanging user-plane data and control-plane message with the UE using a first wireless macro-base-station-to-the-UE-and-to-the-UE-A (Macro2D) communication link and exchanging control-plane message with the UE-A using a second wireless Macro2D communication link; at the macro base station, controlling an establishment and also a release/reconfiguration/handover of a UE-to-UE-A (D2D) communication link through a first control-plane message transmitted to at least one of the UE and the UE-A using the respective one of the Macro2D communication links; and at the macro base station, identifying user-plane data to be exchanged between the UE and the UE-A using the D2D communication link. ### Claim 30 An advanced user equipment for offloading data traffic in a cellular telecommunications system, comprising: a-macro-base-station-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication section configured to receive a first control-plane message and a second control-plane message from a base station over a wireless Macro2D communication link; a user-equipment-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (D2D) communication section configured to establish a wireless D2D communication link with the user equipment responsive to the first control-plane message, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit at least one pilot signal to the user equipment responsive to the second control-plane message and to exchange user-plane data with the user equipment over the D2D communication link; and a backhaul communication section configured to exchange the user-plane data with a server using a backhaul link. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The advanced user equipment of claim 30, wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to transmit the at least one pilot signal according to at least one of a transmission periodicity, a frequency-domain resource, a time-domain resource, a code-domain resource, and a transmission power as determined by the second control-plane message. ### Claim 32 (depends on 30) The advanced user equipment of claim 30, wherein the Macro2D communication section and the D2D communication section are configured to synchronize the Macro2D communication link and the D2D communication link without a time offset. ### Claim 33 (depends on 30) The advanced user equipment of claim 30, wherein the Macro2D communication section and the D2D communication section are configured to synchronize the Macro2D communication link and the D2D communication link according to a time offset. ### Claim 34 A mobile station (user equipment) configured to receive offloaded data from an advanced user equipment in a cellular telecommunication system, comprising: a macro-base-station-to-the-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication section configured to receive both control-plane message and first user-plane data from the base station over a wireless Macro2D communication link; and an advanced-user-device-to-the-user-equipment (D2D) communication section configured to receive second user-plane data from a server through the advanced user device using a wireless D2D communication link, wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to receive a first control-plane message from the base station over the Macro2D communication link, and wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to establish the D2D communication link responsive to the first control-plane message, and wherein the D2D communication section is further configured to receive at least one pilot signal from the advanced user equipment over the D2D communication link and to measure a radio link quality for the D2D communication link using the received at least one pilot signal, and wherein the Macro2D communication section is further configured to transmit the radio link quality to the macro base station over the Macro2D communication link. ### Claim 35 An advanced user equipment for offloading data traffic in a cellular telecommunications system, comprising: a-macro-base-station-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication section configured to receive a first control-plane message from a base station over a wireless Macro2D communication link; a user-equipment-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (D2D) communication section configured to transmit user-plane data to a user equipment over a wireless D2D communication link established responsive to the first control-plane message; and a backhaul communication section configured to receive the user-plane data from a network server over a backhaul link; wherein the D2D communication section further configured to transmit at least one pilot signal over the D2D communication link to the user equipment; the Macro2D communication section further configured to receive a second control-plane message from the base station over the Macro2D communication link, wherein the second control-plane message allocates a radio resource and to transmit the user-plane data to the user equipment over the D2D communication link using the allocated radio resource. ### Claim 36 An advanced user equipment for offloading data traffic in a cellular telecommunications system, comprising: a-macro-base-station-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (Macro2D) communication section configured to receive a first control-plane message from a base station over a wireless Macro2D communication link; a user-equipment-to-the-advanced-user-equipment (D2D) communication section configured to transmit user-plane data to a user equipment over a wireless D2D communication link established responsive to the first control-plane message; and a backhaul communication section configured to receive the user-plane data from a network server over a backhaul link; wherein the D2D communication section further configured to make measurements for at least one of processing load, usage of radio resources, data rate, path loss in the second link, radio link quality, block error rate, transmitted signal power, received signal power, interference power, and the number of user equipment in the D2D communication link; and the Macro2D communication section further configure to transmit the measurement results to the macro base station. ### Claim 37 A macro base station for controlling a user equipment (UE) and an advanced user equipment (UE-A) in a cellular telecommunications network, comprising: a macro-base-station-to-the-UE-and-to-the-UE-A (Macro2D) communication section configured to exchange user-plane data and control-plane message with the UE using a first wireless Macro2D communication link and to exchange control-plane message with the UE-A using a second wireless Macro2D communication link; and a control unit configured to control an establishment and also a release/reconfiguration/handover of a UE-to-UE-A (D2D) communication link through a first control-plane message transmitted to at least one of the UE and the UE-A using the respective one of the Macro2D communication links, wherein the control unit is further configured to identify user-plane data to be exchanged between the UE and the UE-A using the D2D communication link, and wherein the control unit further configured to make measurement for at least one of number of connections, usage of radio resource, data rate, success rate of connection establishment, success rate of handover, number of radio link failures, the number of handovers, and number of connection re-establishments in the D2D communication link.