# US 2014/0152619 A1 · Touch screen liquid crystal display > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0152619 A1 - Document ID: US20140152619A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/174,760 - Filed: 2014-02-06 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2006-06-09 - Assignees: Apple Inc. - Applicants: Apple Inc. - Inventors: Steve Porter HOTELLING; Wei Chen; Christoph Horst Krah; John Greer Elias; Wei Hsin Yao; John Z. Zhong; Andrew Bert Hodge; Brian Richards Land; Willem den Boer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140152619A1 ## CPC - G06F 3/0412: {Digitisers structurally integrated in a display} - G02F 1/13338: {Input devices, e.g. touch panels} - G02F 1/133514: {Colour filters} - G02F 1/133528: {Polarisers} - G02F 1/134309: {characterised by their geometrical arrangement} - G02F 1/134363: {for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]} - G02F 1/1362: Active matrix addressed cells {(G02F1/134336, G02F1/134363 take precedence)} - G06F 3/04166: {Details of scanning methods, e.g. sampling time, grouping of sub areas or time sharing with display driving (Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally G06F3/04184)} - G06F 3/04184: {Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally} - G06F 3/0443: {using a single layer of sensing electrodes} - G06F 3/0444: {using a single conductive element covering the whole sensing surface, e.g. by sensing the electrical current flowing at the corners} - G06F 3/0445: {using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer} - G06F 3/0446: {using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes} - G09G 3/3614: {Control of polarity reversal in general} - G09G 3/3648: {using an active matrix (G09G3/367 - G09G3/3696 take precedence)} - G02F 2201/124: interdigital - G06F 3/04164: {Connections between sensors and controllers, e.g. routing lines between electrodes and connection pads} - G06F 2203/04103: Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices - G06F 2203/04104: Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger - G06F 2203/04111: Cross over in capacitive digitiser, i.e. details of structures for connecting electrodes of the sensing pattern where the connections cross each other, e.g. bridge structures comprising an insulating layer, or vias through substrate - G06F 2203/04112: Electrode mesh in capacitive digitiser: electrode for touch sensing is formed of a mesh of very fine, normally metallic, interconnected lines that are almost invisible to see. This provides a quite large but transparent electrode surface, without need for ITO or similar transparent conductive material - G09G 2300/0426: Layout of electrodes and connections - G09G 2300/0439: Pixel structures - G09G 2300/0456: with a reflective area and a transmissive area combined in one pixel, such as in transflectance pixels - G09G 2300/0478: related to liquid crystal pixels - G09G 2310/0205: Simultaneous scanning of several lines in flat panels - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS - G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00) ## Abstract Disclosed herein are liquid-crystal display (LCD) touch screens that integrate the touch sensing elements with the display circuitry. The integration may take a variety of forms. Touch sensing elements can be completely implemented within the LCD stackup but outside the not between the color filter plate and the array plate. Alternatively, some touch sensing elements can be between the color filter and array plates with other touch sensing elements not between the plates. In another alternative, all touch sensing elements can be between the color filter and array plates. The latter alternative can include both conventional and in-plane-switching (IPS) LCDs. In some forms, one or more display structures can also have a touch sensing function. Techniques for manufacturing and operating such displays, as well as various devices embodying such displays are also disclosed. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electronic device incorporating an in-plane-switching (IPS) liquid crystal display touch screen, the touch screen comprising: a first substrate having pairs of electrodes for display pixels of the liquid crystal display; the pairs of electrodes disposed in an in-plane-switching arrangement; a second substrate, the second substrate having a color filter plate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates; and a plurality of sense lines disposed between the first substrate and the pairs of electrodes; in a display mode of operation, the pairs of electrodes operative as pixel electrodes and common electrodes, the pixel electrodes connected to receive display data and the common electrodes connected to receive a Vcom modulation voltage; and in a touch sensing mode of operation, the common electrodes connected to receive a stimulation signal and the plurality of sense lines connected to capacitive sensing circuitry. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of a desktop computer, a tablet computer, and a notebook computer. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the electronic device comprises at least one of a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant, a media player, and a mobile telephone. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein one of a plurality of touch drive electrodes or touch sense electrodes are connected to form a plurality of touch sense rows and the other of a plurality of touch drive electrodes or touch sense electrodes are connected to form a plurality of touch sense columns. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of a desktop computer, a tablet computer, and a notebook computer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the electronic device comprises at least one of a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant, a media player, and a mobile telephone. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising: a first and second polarizer; the first substrate disposed between the first and second polarizers; the second substrate disposed between the first and second polarizers. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The electronic device of claim 7, further comprising: gate lines for gating the pairs of electrodes; and data lines for supplying the display data to the pixel electrodes. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The electronic device of claim 8, where in the sense lines are separate from the gate and data lines. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The electronic device of claim 9, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the sense lines and the pairs of electrodes. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The touch screen as recited in claim 9, wherein the second substrate is positioned nearer a user than the first substrate. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The touch screen as recited in claim 9, wherein the first substrate is positioned nearer a user than the second substrate such that, in operation, the first substrate shields the liquid crystal from a touch operation performed by the user. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the sense lines and the pairs of electrodes. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The touch screen as recited in claim 1, wherein the second substrate is positioned nearer a user than the first substrate. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The touch screen as recited in claim 1, wherein the first substrate is positioned nearer a user than the second substrate such that, in operation, the first substrate shields the liquid crystal from a touch operation performed by the user. ### Claim 16 A mobile telephone incorporating an in-plane-switching (IPS) liquid crystal display touch screen, the touch screen comprising: a first substrate, the first substrate having pairs of electrodes for display pixels of the liquid crystal display; the pairs of electrodes disposed in an in-plane-switching arrangement; a second substrate having a color filter plate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates; and a plurality of sense lines disposed between the first substrate and the pairs of electrodes; in a display mode of operation, the pairs of electrodes operative as pixel electrodes and common electrodes, the pixel electrodes connected to receive display data and the common electrodes connected to receive a common voltage modulation voltage; and in a touch sensing mode of operation, the common electrodes connected to receive a stimulation signal and the plurality of sense lines connected to capacitive sensing circuitry. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The mobile telephone of claim 16, wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of a desktop computer, a tablet computer, and a notebook computer. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The mobile telephone of claim 16, wherein the electronic device comprises at least one of a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant, a media player, and a mobile telephone. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The mobile telephone of claim 16, wherein one of a plurality of touch drive electrodes or touch sense electrodes are connected to form a plurality of touch sense rows and the other of a plurality of touch drive electrodes or touch sense electrodes are connected to form a plurality of touch sense columns. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The mobile telephone of claim 19, wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of a desktop computer, a tablet computer, and a notebook computer. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The mobile telephone of claim 19, wherein the electronic device comprises at least one of a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant, a media player, and a mobile telephone. ### Claim 22 (depends on 16) The mobile telephone of claim 16, further comprising: a first and second polarizer; the first substrate disposed between the first and second polarizers; the second substrate disposed between the first and second polarizers. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The mobile telephone of claim 22, further comprising: gate lines for gating the pairs of electrodes; and data lines for supplying the display data to the pixel electrodes. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The mobile telephone of claim 23, where in the sense lines are separate from the gate and data lines. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The mobile telephone of claim 24, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the sense lines and the pairs of electrodes. ### Claim 26 (depends on 24) The mobile telephone as recited in claim 24, wherein the second substrate is positioned nearer a user than the first substrate. ### Claim 27 (depends on 24) The mobile telephone as recited in claim 24, wherein the first substrate is positioned nearer a user than the second substrate such that, in operation, the first substrate shields the liquid crystal from a touch operation performed by the user. ### Claim 28 (depends on 16) The mobile telephone of claim 16, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the sense lines and the pairs of electrodes. ### Claim 29 (depends on 16) The mobile telephone as recited in claim 16, wherein the second substrate is positioned nearer a user than the first substrate. ### Claim 30 (depends on 16) The mobile telephone as recited in claim 16, wherein the first substrate is positioned nearer a user than the second substrate such that, in operation, the first substrate shields the liquid crystal from a touch operation performed by the user. ### Claim 31 A touch screen comprising an in-plane-switching (IPS) liquid crystal display with integral touch sensing, the touch screen comprising: a first substrate having pairs of electrodes for display pixels of the liquid crystal display; the pairs of electrodes disposed in an in-plane-switching arrangement; a second substrate having a color filter plate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates; and a plurality of sense lines disposed between the first substrate and the pairs of electrodes; in a display mode of operation, the pairs of electrodes operative as pixel electrodes and common electrodes, the pixel electrodes connected to receive display data and the common electrodes connected to receive a common voltage modulation voltage; and in a touch sensing mode of operation, the common electrodes connected to receive a stimulation signal and the plurality of sense lines connected to capacitive sensing circuitry. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The touch screen of claim 31, wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of a desktop computer, a tablet computer, and a notebook computer. ### Claim 33 (depends on 31) The touch screen of claim 31, wherein the electronic device comprises at least one of a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant, a media player, and a mobile telephone. ### Claim 34 (depends on 31) The touch screen of claim 31, wherein one of a plurality of touch drive electrodes or touch sense electrodes are connected to form a plurality of touch sense rows and the other of a plurality of touch drive electrodes or touch sense electrodes are connected to form a plurality of touch sense columns. ### Claim 35 (depends on 34) The touch screen of claim 34, wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of a desktop computer, a tablet computer, and a notebook computer. ### Claim 36 (depends on 34) The touch screen of claim 34, wherein the electronic device comprises at least one of a handheld computer, a personal digital assistant, a media player, and a mobile telephone. ### Claim 37 (depends on 31) The touch screen of claim 31, further comprising: a first and second polarizer; the first substrate disposed between the first and second polarizers; the second substrate disposed between the first and second polarizers. ### Claim 38 (depends on 37) The touch screen of claim 37, further comprising: gate lines for gating the pairs of electrodes; and data lines for supplying the display data to the pixel electrodes. ### Claim 39 (depends on 38) The touch screen of claim 38, where in the sense lines are separate from the gate and data lines. ### Claim 40 (depends on 39) The touch screen of claim 39, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the sense lines and the pairs of electrodes. ### Claim 41 (depends on 39) The touch screen as recited in claim 39, wherein the second substrate is positioned nearer a user than the first substrate. ### Claim 42 (depends on 39) The touch screen as recited in claim 39, wherein the first substrate is positioned nearer a user than the second substrate such that, in operation, the first substrate shields the liquid crystal from a touch operation performed by the user. ### Claim 43 (depends on 31) The touch screen of claim 31, further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the sense lines and the pairs of electrodes. ### Claim 44 (depends on 31) The touch screen as recited in claim 31, wherein the second substrate is positioned nearer a user than the first substrate. ### Claim 45 (depends on 31) The touch screen as recited in claim 31, wherein the first substrate is positioned nearer a user than the second substrate such that, in operation, the first substrate shields the liquid crystal from a touch operation performed by the user.