# US 2014/0152242 A1 · Switching charger, the control circuit and the control method thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0152242 A1 - Document ID: US20140152242A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 14/092,837 - Filed: 2013-11-27 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2012-11-30 - Assignees: Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Zhengui Bai; Min Xu; Xiaoqing Li - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140152242A1 ## CPC - H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load - H02J 7/00: Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries - H02J 2207/20: Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter - H02M 1/0025: {Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter} - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY ## Abstract A switching charger having a control circuit configured to provide a control signal; a power stage turned ON and OFF by the control signal; an inductor coupled between the power stage and a load; and an output capacitor coupled in parallel with the load; wherein the control circuit limits a current flowing through the inductor in a hysteretic window, and wherein the hysteretic window is adjusted according to an ON time of the control signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A switching charger, comprising: a control circuit configured to provide a control signal; a power stage having a high-side power switch and a low-side power switch coupled in series, the high-side power switch and the low-side power switch turned ON and OFF alternatively by the control signal; an inductor having a first terminal coupled to a connection of the high-side power switch and the low-side power switch, and a second terminal coupled to a load, a current flowing through the inductor being limited in a hysteretic window by the control circuit, and the hysteretic window being adjusted according to an ON time of the control signal; and an output capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the inductor, and a second terminal coupled to a reference ground. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The switching charger of claim 1, wherein the control circuit comprises: a feedback amplifier having a first input terminal configured to receive a feedback signal indicating the charging voltage, a second input terminal configured to receive a feedback reference signal, and an output terminal configured to generate an amplified feedback signal based on the feedback signal and the feedback reference signal; a select circuit having a first input terminal configured to receive a current reference signal, a second input terminal coupled to the feedback amplifier to receive the amplified feedback signal, and an output terminal configured to generate a current control signal based on the current reference signal and the amplified feedback signal, wherein the current control signal is either the current reference signal or the amplified feedback signal whichever has the lower value; a hysteretic control circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the select circuit to receive the current control signal, a second input terminal configured to receive the input voltage, a third input terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, a fourth input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the control circuit to receive the control signal, and a fifth input terminal configured to receive a frequency control signal having pulses when the high-side power switch is turned ON, wherein based on the current control signal, the input voltage, the charging voltage, the control signal and the frequency control signal, the hysteretic control circuit provides a lower limit signal via a first output terminal, and a higher limit signal via a second output terminal; a comparison circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the first output terminal of the hysteretic control circuit to receive the lower limit signal, a second input terminal coupled to the second output terminal of the hysteretic control circuit to receive the higher limit signal, a third input terminal configured to receive a current sense signal indicating a current flowing through the inductor, and based on the lower limit signal, the higher limit signal, and the current sense signal, the comparison circuit provides a set signal via a first output terminal, and a reset signal via a second output terminal; and a logic circuit having a set terminal coupled to the comparison circuit to receive the set signal, a reset terminal coupled to the comparison circuit to receive the reset signal, and an output terminal configured to generate the control signal based on the set signal and the reset signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The switching charger of claim 2, wherein the hysteretic control circuit comprises: a hysteretic signal generator having a first input terminal configured to receive the input voltage, a second input terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, a third input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the control circuit to receive the control signal, a fourth input terminal configured to receive the frequency control signal, and an output terminal configured to generate a hysteretic signal based on the input voltage, the charging voltage, the control signal and the frequency control signal; and an operational circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the hysteretic signal generator to receive the hysteretic signal, a second input terminal coupled to the select circuit to receive the current control signal, wherein based on the hysteretic signal and the current control signal, the operational circuit provides the lower limit signal via a first output terminal, and provides the higher limit signal via a second output terminal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The switching charger of claim 3, wherein the hysteretic signal generator comprises: a constant on time (COT) signal generator having a first input terminal configured to receive the input voltage, a second input terminal configured to receive the set signal, a third input terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, and an output terminal configured to generate a COT signal based on the input voltage, the set signal and the charging voltage; a charge and discharge circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the COT signal generator to receive the COT signal, a second input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the control circuit to receive the control signal, and an output terminal configured to provide a charge/discharge current based on the COT signal and the control signal; and a hysteretic capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the output terminal of the charge and discharge circuit to receive the charge/discharge current, and a second terminal coupled to the reference ground, wherein the hysteretic capacitor provides the hysteretic signal to the first terminal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The switching charger of claim 4, wherein the COT signal generator comprises: a first controlled current source having an input terminal configured to receive an internal power supply, a control terminal configured to receive the input voltage, and an output terminal configured to provide a charge current directly proportional to the input voltage; a reference capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the first controlled current source to receive the charge current, and a second terminal coupled to the reference ground, wherein the reference capacitor provides a sawtooth signal from the first terminal; a frequency switch having a first terminal coupled to the first terminal of the reference capacitor, a second terminal coupled to the second terminal of the reference capacitor, and a control terminal configured to receive the set signal, wherein the frequency switch is turned ON by the pulse of the set signal; a controlled voltage source having a control terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, a first terminal configured to provide a COT reference signal directly proportional to the charging voltage, and a second terminal coupled to the reference ground; and a COT comparator having a first input terminal coupled to the reference capacitor to receive the sawtooth signal, a second input terminal coupled to the controlled voltage source to receive the COT reference signal, and an output terminal configured to generate the COT signal based on the sawtooth signal and the COT reference signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The switching charger of claim 3, wherein the operational circuit comprises: a second controlled current source having a first terminal configured to receive the internal power supply, a control terminal coupled to the hysteretic signal generator to receive the hysteretic signal, and an output terminal configured to provided a current proportional to the hysteretic signal; a first resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal configured to provide the higher limit signal; a second resistor having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first resistor, and a second terminal configured to provide the lower limit signal; a third resistor having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second resistor, and a second terminal coupled to the reference ground; and a clamp circuit having a first terminal coupled to the select circuit to receive the current control signal, and a second terminal coupled to the connection of the first resistor and the second resistor, wherein the voltage at the connection of the first resistor and the second resistor is clamped to the current control signal. ### Claim 7 A control circuit for a switching charger, wherein the switching charger has a high-side power switch, a low-side power switch and an inductor, the control circuit comprising: a feedback amplifier having a first input terminal configured to receive a feedback signal indicating the charging voltage, a second input terminal configured to receive a feedback reference signal, and an output terminal configured to generate an amplified feedback signal based on the feedback signal and the feedback reference signal; a select circuit having a first input terminal configured to receive a current reference signal, a second input terminal coupled to the feedback amplifier to receive the amplified feedback signal, and an output terminal configured to generate a current control signal based on the current reference signal and the amplified feedback signal, wherein the current control signal is either the current reference signal or the amplified feedback signal whichever has the lower value; a hysteretic control circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the select circuit to receive the current control signal, a second input terminal configured to receive the input voltage, a third input terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, a fourth input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the control circuit to receive the control signal, and a fifth input terminal configured to receive a frequency control signal having pulses at moment when the power stage is turned ON, wherein based on the current control signal, the input voltage, the charging voltage, the control signal and the frequency control signal, the hysteretic control circuit provides a lower limit signal via a first output terminal, and a higher limit signal via a second output terminal; a comparison circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the first output terminal of the hysteretic control circuit to receive the lower limit signal, a second input terminal coupled to the second output terminal of the hysteretic control circuit to receive the higher limit signal, a third input terminal configured to receive a current sense signal indicating a current flowing through the inductor, and based on the lower limit signal, the higher limit signal, and the current sense signal, the comparison circuit provides a set signal via a first output terminal, and a reset signal via a second output terminal; and a logic circuit having a set terminal coupled to the comparison circuit to receive the set signal, a reset terminal coupled to the comparison circuit to receive the reset signal, and an output terminal configured to generate the control signal based on the set signal and the reset signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The control circuit of claim 7, wherein the hysteretic control circuit comprises: a hysteretic signal generator having a first input terminal configured to receive the input voltage, a second input terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, a third input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the control circuit to receive the control signal, a fourth input terminal configured to receive the frequency control signal, and an output terminal configured to generate a hysteretic signal based on the input voltage, the charging voltage, the control signal and the frequency control signal; and an operational circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the hysteretic signal generator to receive the hysteretic signal, a second input terminal coupled to the select circuit to receive the current control signal, wherein based on the hysteretic signal and the current control signal, the operational circuit provides the lower limit signal via a first output terminal, and provides the higher limit signal via a second output terminal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The control circuit of claim 8, wherein the hysteretic signal generator comprises: a constant on time (COT) signal generator having a first input terminal configured to receive the input voltage, a second input terminal configured to receive the set signal, a third input terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, and an output terminal configured to generate a COT signal based on the input voltage, the set signal and the charging voltage; a charge and discharge circuit having a first input terminal coupled to the COT signal generator to receive the COT signal, a second input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the control circuit to receive the control signal, and an output terminal configured to provide a charge/discharge current based on the COT signal and the control signal; and a hysteretic capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the output terminal of the charge and discharge circuit to receive the charge/discharge current, and a second terminal coupled to the reference ground, wherein the hysteretic capacitor provides the hysteretic signal on the first terminal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The control circuit of claim 9, wherein the COT signal generator comprises: a first controlled current source having an input terminal configured to receive an internal power supply, a control terminal configured to receive the input voltage, and an output terminal configured to provide a charge current directly proportional to the input voltage; a reference capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the first controlled current source to receive the charge current, and a second terminal coupled to the reference ground, wherein the reference capacitor provides a sawtooth signal on the first terminal; a frequency switch having a first terminal coupled to the first terminal of the reference capacitor, a second terminal coupled to the second terminal of the reference capacitor, and a control terminal configured to receive the set signal, wherein the frequency switch is turned ON by the pulse of the set signal; a controlled voltage source having a control terminal configured to receive the charging voltage, a first terminal configured to provide a COT reference signal directly proportional to the charging voltage, and a second terminal coupled to the reference ground; and a COT comparator having a first input terminal coupled to the reference capacitor to receive the sawtooth signal, a second input terminal coupled to the controlled voltage source to receive the COT reference signal, and an output terminal configured to generate the COT signal based on the sawtooth signal and the COT reference signal. ### Claim 11 A control method for a switching charger, wherein the switching charger has a high-side power switch, a low-side power switch and an inductor, the control method comprising: amplifying an error between a feedback signal indicating an output voltage of the switching charger and a feedback reference signal to generate an amplified feedback signal; selecting the smaller value of the amplified feedback signal and a current reference signal to be a current control signal; generating a hysteretic window signal; generating a higher limit signal and a lower limit signal based on the current control signal and the hysteretic window signal; turning OFF the high-side power switch when the a current sense signal indicating a current flowing through the inductor is higher than the higher limit signal, and turning ON the high-side power switch when the current sense signal is lower than the lower limit signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The control method of claim 11, wherein generating a hysteretic window signal comprises: generating a constant on time (COT) signal having an ON time period directly proportional to the output voltage of the switching charger and inversely proportional to the input voltage of the switching charger; generating the hysteretic window signal based on the comparison of the ON time of the COT signal and the ON time of the high-side power switch; wherein: the hysteretic window signal decreases when the ON time of the high-side power switch is longer than the ON time of the COT signal; the hysteretic window signal increases when the ON time of the high-side power switch is shorter than the ON time of the COT signal; and the hysteretic window signal remains the same when the ON time of the high-side power switch is equal to the ON time of the COT signal. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The control method of claim 11, wherein the higher limit signal has a value equal to the sum of the current control signal and half of the hysteretic window signal, and the lower limit signal has a value equal to the difference of the current control signal and the half of the hysteretic window signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The control method of claim 11, wherein the higher limit signal has a value equal to the current control signal, and the lower limit signal has a value equal to the difference of the current control signal and the hysteretic window signal. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The control method of claim 11, wherein the higher limit signal has a value equal to the sum of the current control signal and the hysteretic window signal, and the lower limit signal has a value equal to the current control signal.