# US 2014/0151602 A1 · Apparatus and method for carbon monoxide shift conversion, and hydrogen production apparatus > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0151602 A1 - Document ID: US20140151602A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 13/807,195 - Filed: 2011-07-06 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2010-07-06 - Assignees: Renaissance Energy Corporation - Inventors: Osamu Okada; Maiko Nakayama; Kaori Morimoto; Chihiro Ito; Katsutoshi Nagaoka - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140151602A1 ## CPC - C01B 3/16: using catalysts - B01J 8/0415: {the beds being superimposed one above the other (B01J8/0434 takes precedence)} - B01J 8/0453: {the beds being superimposed one above the other} - B01J 8/0496: {Heating or cooling the reactor} - B01J 2208/00407: outside the reactor bed - B01J 2208/025: Two or more types of catalyst - C01B 2203/0288: containing two CO-shift steps - C01B 2203/107: Platinum catalysts - C01B 2203/1076: Copper or zinc-based catalysts - C01B 2203/1082: Composition of support materials - H01M 8/0668: Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide - Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells - Y02P 20/52: using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts - C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C} - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract A shift conversion catalyst layer is divided into at least two front and back stages. A first catalyst and a second catalyst are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side, respectively. The first catalyst has a property that a carbon monoxide conversion rate decreases with an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in a supplied reaction gas at a constant carbon monoxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas and a constant reaction temperature. The first catalyst is combined with the second catalyst such that the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the second catalyst is lower than that in the first catalyst. Whereby, the conversion rate of a carbon monoxide concentration of a carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus can be improved without increasing the used amount of a shift conversion catalyst. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus in which carbon monoxide and water vapor contained in a reaction gas are reacted and thereby converted into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, wherein a shift conversion catalyst layer is divided into at least two stages of a upstream side and a downstream side, the upstream side and the downstream side respectively including a first catalyst and a second catalyst, the first catalyst has a property that a carbon monoxide conversion rate decreases with an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in a supplied reaction gas in the case of a constant carbon monoxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas and a constant reaction temperature, and the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the second catalyst is lower than the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the first catalyst. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first catalyst is a copper-zinc-based catalyst, and the second catalyst is a noble-metal-based catalyst. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second catalyst is a platinum-based catalyst, and the second catalyst has a cerium oxide as a support. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2, 3) The carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second catalyst is not more than the first catalyst in volume. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein reaction temperatures of the first catalyst and of the second catalyst are controlled concurrently. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein reaction temperatures of the first catalyst and of the second catalyst are controlled independently from each other. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the first catalyst and the second catalyst have a same composition and a same structure, respective reaction temperatures of the first catalyst and the second catalyst are controlled independently from each other so that the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the second catalyst is lower than the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the first catalyst. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the first catalyst and the second catalyst are copper-zinc-based catalysts. ### Claim 9 A method of carbon monoxide shift conversion for reacting carbon monoxide and water vapor contained in a reaction gas and converting them into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, wherein a shift reaction step is divided into at least two continuous shift reaction steps, where a first catalyst is used upstream in a first shift conversion step, whereas a second catalyst is used downstream in a second shift reaction step, the first catalyst has a property that a carbon monoxide conversion rate decreases with an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in a supplied reaction gas in the case of a constant carbon monoxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas and a constant reaction temperature, and the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the second catalyst is lower than the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the first catalyst. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of carbon monoxide shift conversion according to claim 9, wherein the first catalyst is a copper-zinc-based catalyst, and the second catalyst is a noble-metal-based catalyst. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of carbon monoxide shift conversion according to claim 10, wherein the second catalyst is a platinum-based catalyst, and the second catalyst has a cerium oxide as a support. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of carbon monoxide shift conversion according to claim 10, wherein the second catalyst is not more than the first catalyst in volume. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The method of carbon monoxide shift conversion according to claim 9, wherein a reaction gas passing through the first catalyst is fed to the second catalyst without being subjected to temperature control. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The method of carbon monoxide shift conversion according to claim 9, wherein reaction temperatures of the first catalyst and of the second catalyst are controlled independently from each other. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The method of carbon monoxide shift conversion according to claim 9, wherein when the first catalyst and the second catalyst have a same composition and a same structure, respective reaction temperatures of the first catalyst and the second catalyst are controlled independently from each other so that the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the second catalyst is lower than the degree of decrease in carbon monoxide conversion rate with respect to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the supplied reaction gas in the case of the first catalyst. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of carbon monoxide shift conversion according to claim 15, wherein the first catalyst and the second catalyst are copper-zinc-based catalysts. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) A hydrogen production apparatus comprising: the carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus according to claim 1; and a carbon monoxide selective oxidizer for decreasing, by selective oxidation, a carbon monoxide concentration in a gas processed by the carbon monoxide shift conversion apparatus.