# US 2014/0150654 A1 · Regenerator for catalytic cracking unit with external cyclones

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- Number: US 2014/0150654 A1
- Document ID: US20140150654A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 14/232,494
- Filed: 2012-08-14
- Published: 2014-06-05
- Earliest claimed: 2011-08-31
- Assignees: Total Raffinage France
- Inventors: Juan-David Llamas; Guillaume Berric
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140150654A1

## CPC

- B01J 8/1872: {Details of the fluidised bed reactor (B01J8/1836 takes precedence)}
- B01D 45/08: by impingement against baffle separators
- B01D 45/12: by centrifugal forces (centrifuges B04B; cyclones B04C)
- B01D 45/16: generated by the winding course of the gas stream {, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes}
- B01J 8/0055: {using cyclones}
- B01J 8/0065: {by impingement against stationary members}
- B01J 8/34: with stationary packing material in the fluidised bed, e.g. bricks, wire rings, baffles
- B01J 19/32: Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
- C10G 11/18: according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01D 50/20: Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
- F01M 13/04: having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- F01M: LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING

## Abstract

Regenerator for catalytic cracking unit comprising a first part occupied by a dense fluidized bed of catalyst and a second part positioned above the first part and occupied by a fluidized bed of low solid particles density, the said second part comprising one internal device covering, by projection onto the plane of the cross section of the said vessel of the regenerator, at least 80% of the said cross section, the said regenerator being equipped with at least one cyclone for separating gases/solids in the mixture derived from the low-density bed, the said cyclone being placed outside the vessel of the regenerator.

## Claims

### Claim 1

Regenerator for catalytic cracking unit formed of a vessel comprising a first part intended to be occupied by a dense fluidized bed of solid particles and a second part positioned above the first part and intended to be occupied at least partly by a fluidized bed of low solid particles density, the said second part comprising one internal device covering, by projection onto the plane of the cross section of the said vessel, at least 80% of the free area of the vessel of the regenerator, the vessel being equipped with at least one cyclone for separating a mixture of gas and solid particles derived from the low-density bed, the said cyclone being placed outside the vessel, said cyclone being designed to collect said mixture of gas and solid particles and comprising a pipe opening inside the vessel, under said internal device, without passing through said internal device.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

Regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the regenerator is equipped with one, two or three cyclone stages in series, each stage being made up of a number of cyclones that varies from 1 to 10.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

Regenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that said regenerator is equipped with two cyclone stages in series, a primary cyclones stage the cyclone(s) of which is (are) designed to collect the gases derived from the vessel of the regenerator, and a secondary cyclones stage the cylcone(s) of which is (are) designed to collect the gases derived from the primary cyclones stage, and in that the pipe(s) which returns (return) the solid particles from the primary cyclone(s) to the vessel opens (open) into the second part of the vessel, under the internal device and without passing through it, and the pipe(s) which returns (return) the solid particles from the secondary cyclone(s) to the vessel opens (open) into the first part of the vessel, under the internal device and without passing through it.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

Regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal device is placed above the dense bed at a height h from the surface of the dense fluidized bed such that the ratio of this height to the height of the dense fluidized bed H1 varies from 0.05 to 1.5.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

Regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure of the internal device is chosen so that the internal device occupies less than 10% of the free area parallel to the cross section of the said vessel of the regenerator and so that its projection onto the plane of the said cross section covers more than 80% of the surface area of the said free area, and preferably more than 90% thereof.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

Regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the internal device, parallel to the plane of the free area of the vessel of the regenerator, occupies at most 5% of the surface area of the said free area.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

Regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal device is made up of one or more individual elements, each individual element being made up of one or more stages of plates which are inclined.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

Regenerator according to claim 7, characterized in that the plates of two adjacent stages are separate.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

Regenerator according to claim 7, characterized in that the internal device has a height of 30 to 50 cm and in that the inclination of each plate with respect to a horizontal plane is from 30 to 60°.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

Regenerator according to claim 9, characterized in that the inclination of each plate with respect to a horizontal plane is from 35 to 55°.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

Regenerator according to claim 10, characterized in that the inclination of each plate with respect to a horizontal plane is from 40 to 50°, or even 45°.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

Regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal device is made up of one or more individual elements, each element being made up of one or more stages of plates which are inclined, parallel to one another within one and the same stage and of which the directions of inclination vary from one stage to the other.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

Regenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal device is made up of one or more individual elements, each element being made up of one or more stages of plates which are inclined, each stage being made up of plates that criss-cross one another.

### Claim 14

Method of separating a mixture of gas and solid particles derived from a regenerator of a catalytic cracking unit, the said regenerator comprising a vessel of which a first part is occupied by a dense fluidized bed of catalyst particles and a second part, arranged above the first part, is occupied by a fluidized bed of low catalyst-particle density with respect to the dense bed,
in which the gases and solids from the low-density bed pass through an internal device situated inside the vessel of the regenerator and are then collected at the outlet of the vessel by at least one separation cyclone situated outside the said vessel,
in which the solid particles recovered by the external cyclone(s) are returned into the vessel, under the internal device, without passing through the latter, and
in which the said internal device covers, by projection onto the plane of the cross section of the vessel of the regenerator, at least 80% of the free area of the vessel of the regenerator, the said internal device being made up of one or more individual elements, each individual element being made up of one or more stages of plates which are inclined, each stage being made up of plates that criss-cross one another.