# US 2014/0150410 A1 · Ammonia gas generator for producing ammonia in order to reduce nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases

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- Number: US 2014/0150410 A1
- Document ID: US20140150410A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 14/129,402
- Filed: 2012-06-29
- Published: 2014-06-05
- Earliest claimed: 2011-07-01
- Assignees: Alzchem AG
- Inventors: Christian Gerhart; Thomas Sattelmayer; Plamen Toshev
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140150410A1

## CPC

- C01C 1/04: Preparation of ammonia by synthesis (preparation or purification of gas mixtures for ammonia synthesis C01B3/025)
- B01D 53/565: {by treating the gases with solids}
- B01D 53/90: Injecting reactants
- B01D 53/92: of engine exhaust gases (exhaust {or silencing} apparatus {for internal combustion engines, machines or engines in general}, having means for purifying, {rendering innocuous} or otherwise treating exhaust gases F01N3/00)
- B01D 53/9409: {Nitrogen oxides}
- B01D 53/9431: {Processes characterised by a specific device}
- C01C 1/08: Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances
- C01C 1/086: {from urea}
- F01N 3/2066: {Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]}
- B01D 2251/2067: Urea
- B01D 2251/21: Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2251/206 or B01D2251/208
- B01D 2255/808: Hydrolytic
- B01D 2255/902: Multilayered catalyst
- B01J 8/0496: {Heating or cooling the reactor}
- F01N 2240/25: an ammonia generator
- F01N 2610/02: the substance being ammonia or urea
- F01N 2610/10: the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
- Y02P 20/52: using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
- Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies
- C01C: AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF ({metal hydrides, monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof C01B6/00}; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B15/00; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B19/00; azides C01B21/08; {compounds other than ammonia or cyanogen, containing nitrogen, non-metals and optionally metals C01B21/082}; metal imides or amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00)
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- F01N: GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with gas exhaust of propulsion units in vehicles B60K13/00; combustion-air intake silencers specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines F02M35/00; protecting against, or damping, noise in general G10K11/16)
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

The present invention relates to an ammonia gas generator for generating ammonia from an ammonia precursor substance and to the use thereof for reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust, in particular from industrial facilities, from combustion engines, from gas engines, from diesel engines or from petrol engines.

## Claims

### Claim at position 1

-15. (canceled)

### Claim 16

An ammonia gas generator (100) for generating ammonia from a solution of an ammonia precursor substance, comprising:
a catalyst unit (70), which comprises a catalyst (60) for decomposing and/or hydrolysing ammonia precursor substances into ammonia and a mixing chamber (51) upstream from the catalyst (60), the catalyst (60) being of a catalyst volume VKat and the mixing chamber (51) being of a mixing chamber volume VMisch;
an injection device (40) for introducing the solution of the ammonia precursor substance into the mixing chamber (51); and
an outlet (80) for the ammonia gas which is formed,
wherein the injection device (40) comprises a nozzle (41) which has a theoretical spray angle α of 10° to 90° and the distance of the nozzle opening (42) from the end face (61) of the catalyst (60) is from 15 to 2000 mm,
and the ammonia gas generator comprises at least one thermal insulation layer (53).

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the injection device (40) comprises a nozzle (41) which has a spray angle α of 20° to 60° and the diameter of the catalyst DKat is 30 to 80 mm.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the injection device (40) comprises a nozzle (41) which has a spray angle α of 20° to 60° and the diameter of the catalyst DKat is 80 to 450 mm.

### Claim 19 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the injection device (40) comprises a nozzle (41) which has a spray angle α of 20° to 60° and the diameter of the catalyst DKat is 450 to 1000 mm.

### Claim 20 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the ratio of the volume of the mixing chamber VMisch to the volume of the catalyst VKat is 1.5:1 to 5:1.

### Claim 21 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the injection device (40) comprises at least two nozzles, which can be switched jointly or separately, for introducing the solution of the ammonia precursor substance into the mixing chamber

### Claim 22 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, further comprising a further inlet (56) for a carrier gas which generates a tangential carrier gas stream with respect to the solution injected into the mixing chamber (51).

### Claim 23 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the nozzle (41) is a two-substance nozzle and the catalyst (60) is a hydrolysis catalyst.

### Claim 24 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the nozzle (41) comprises a first number of nozzle openings for introducing the solution into the catalyst unit (70), which are annularly surrounded by a second number of nozzle openings for introducing a carrier gas into the catalyst unit (70).

### Claim 25 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, further comprising a metering unit (30) for metering the solution of the ammonia precursor substance, which is upstream from the injection device (40).

### Claim 26 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the catalyst (60) is a hydrolysis catalyst having a catalyst cell count of at least 60 cpsi to at most 800 cpsi.

### Claim 27 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the catalyst (60) comprises a catalytically active coating which is impregnated with gold and/or palladium.

### Claim 28 (depends on 16)

The ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16, wherein the catalyst unit (70) comprises a hydrolysis catalyst (62, 63) which is divided into a first part wherein the flow direction is in the form of a heated catalyst (62), and a second part in the form of an unheated catalyst (63, 64).

### Claim 29 (depends on 16)

A method of reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust from industrial facilities, from combustion engines, from gas engines, from diesel engines or from petrol engines comprising using the ammonia gas generator (100) of claim 16 in industrial facilities, in combustion engines, in gas engines, in diesel engines or in petrol engines.