# US 2014/0150402 A1 · System and method for burning vanadium-containing fuels > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2014/0150402 A1 - Document ID: US20140150402A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 13/690,057 - Filed: 2012-11-30 - Published: 2014-06-05 - Earliest claimed: 2012-11-30 - Assignees: General Electric Company - Applicants: General Electric Company - Inventors: Ahmed Mostafa ElKady; Sherif Hatem Abdulla Mohamed; Narendra Digamber Joshi; Hasan Karim; Gilbert Otto Kraemer; Samuel David Draper; Ashwin Raman - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20140150402A1 ## CPC - F02C 3/34: with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle - F02C 3/20: using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products - F02C 7/00: Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants (controlling F02C9/00) - F23C 9/00: Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber (fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means for recirculation of particles entrained from the bed F23C10/02; fluidised bed combustion apparatus with devices for removal and partial reintroduction of material from the bed F23C10/26) - F23J 15/025: {using filters} - F23C 2202/30: Premixing fluegas with combustion air - F23R 2900/00004: Preventing formation of deposits on surfaces of gas turbine components, e.g. coke deposits - F02C: GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (construction of turbines F01D; jet-propulsion plants F02K; construction of compressors or fans F04; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R; using gas turbines in compression refrigeration plants F25B11/00) - F23C: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN {A CARRIER GAS OR} AIR (burners F23D) - F23J: REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES (combustion apparatus for consuming smoke or fumes, e.g. exhaust gases, F23G7/06) - F23R: GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS (fluidised bed combustion apparatus specially adapted for operation at superatmospheric pressures F23C10/16) ## Abstract In one aspect, a combustion system is configured to facilitate preventing the formation of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and decrease a concentration of at least one of vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles in an exhaust. The combustion system includes a vanadium-containing fuel supply and a combustor. The combustor is configured to generate a combustor exhaust gas including vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and/or vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles and to combust a reduced-oxygen mixture including the vanadium-containing fuel, ambient air, and a portion of the combustor exhaust gas. The combustion system also includes a particle separator configured to remove substantially all of the V2O3 and/or V2O4 particles from the combustor exhaust gas. A method for combusting fuel and a power generation system are also provided. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A combustion system comprising: a vanadium-containing fuel supply; at least one combustor configured to: generate a combustor exhaust gas including at least one of vanadium trioxide (V2O3) particles and vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles; and combust a reduced-oxygen mixture comprising the vanadium-containing fuel, ambient air, and at least a portion of the combustor exhaust gas, thereby facilitating the prevention of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) particle formation; and a particle separator configured to receive the combustor exhaust gas and remove substantially all of the V2O3 particles and the V2O4 particles from the combustor exhaust gas. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said particle separator comprises at least one layer of an absorption material formed on at least one of a metal substrate and a ceramic substrate. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The system in accordance with claim 2, wherein said absorption material comprises at least one of titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), silicon oxide (SiO2), zeolites, washcoats, and mesospheres. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said at least one combustor is further configured for substantially stoichiometric combustion. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system in accordance with claim 1, further comprising an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system configured to channel the at least a portion of the combustor exhaust gas to said combustor. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system in accordance with claim 5, further comprising at least one fluid transfer device coupled in flow communication with said at least one combustor, said at least one fluid transfer device configured to channel at least one of ambient air and the at least a portion of the combustor exhaust gas to said at least one combustor. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The system in accordance with claim 5, wherein said EGR system comprises at least one heat exchanger coupled in flow communication downstream of said particle separator and configured to remove at least a portion of heat energy from the at least a portion of the combustion exhaust gas. ### Claim 8 A method for combusting fuel comprising: channeling a vanadium-containing fuel to at least one combustor; channeling at least a portion of a combustor exhaust gas to the at least one combustor to generate a reduced-oxygen mixture including the vanadium-containing fuel, ambient air, and at least a portion of the combustor exhaust gas; combusting the reduced-oxygen mixture in the at least one combustor to generate the combustor exhaust gas including at least one of vanadium trioxide (V2O3) particles and vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles, wherein combusting the reduced-oxygen mixture facilitates preventing vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) particle formation; channeling the combustor exhaust gas to a particle separator; and removing substantially all of the V2O3 particles and the V2O4 particles from the combustor exhaust gas. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) A method in accordance with claim 8, wherein combusting the reduced-oxygen mixture is performed substantially stoichiometrically to generate the combustor exhaust gas substantially free of oxygen. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) A method in accordance with claim 9, wherein removing substantially all of the V2O3 particles and the V2O4 particles from the combustor exhaust gas further comprises forming at least one layer of an absorption material on at least one of a metal substrate and a ceramic substrate. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) A method in accordance with claim 10, wherein the absorption material includes at least one of titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), silicon oxide (SiO2), zeolites, washcoats, and mesospheres. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) A method in accordance with claim 8, further comprising channeling ambient air to the at least one combustor with a main air compressor. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) A method in accordance with claim 12, wherein channeling ambient air includes combining the ambient air and the at least a portion of the combustor exhaust gas upstream of the main air compressor. ### Claim 14 A power generation system comprising: a vanadium-containing fuel supply; at least one gas turbine engine comprising: a rotatable shaft; at least one combustor configured to: generate a combustor exhaust gas including at least one of vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and vanadium tetroxide (V2O4) particles; and combust a reduced-oxygen mixture comprising the vanadium-containing fuel, ambient air, and at least a portion of the combustor exhaust gas, thereby facilitating the prevention of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) particle formation; at least one compressor rotatably coupled to said rotatable shaft, said at least one compressor coupled in flow communication with said at least one combustor; and at least one turbine rotatably coupled to said rotatable shaft, said at least one turbine coupled in flow communication downstream of said at least one combustor and configured to receive and extract energy from the combustor exhaust gas, and discharge a turbine exhaust gas; and a particle separator configured to receive at least one of the combustor exhaust gas and the turbine exhaust gas, said particle separator configured to remove substantially all of the V2O3 particles and the V2O4 particles from the combustor exhaust gas and the turbine exhaust gas. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The system in accordance with claim 14, wherein said particle separator is positioned upstream of said at least one turbine. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The system in accordance with claim 14, wherein said at least one compressor comprises a main air compressor coupled in flow communication upstream of said at least one combustor, said main air compressor configured to compress ambient air and discharge compressed ambient air to said at least one combustor. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The system in accordance with claim 16, wherein said at least one compressor further comprises a booster compressor coupled in flow communication downstream from said main air compressor and upstream from said at least one combustor, said booster compressor configured to further compress the compressed ambient air. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The system in accordance with claim 14, further comprising an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system configured to channel the at least a portion of the turbine exhaust gas to said at least compressor. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The system in accordance with claim 14, wherein said particle separator is positioned downstream from said at least one turbine. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The system in accordance with claim 19, further comprising a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) coupled in flow communication downstream from said particle separator, said HRSG configured to receive the turbine exhaust gas for generating steam.