Ionomers and methods of making same and uses thereof
AssigneeCornell University
InventorsGeoffrey W. Coates, Kevin Noonan
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Abstract
Phosphazenium-based ionomers and methods of making them are disclosed. The ionomers are useful in making membranes for fuel cells and other devices that benefit from extremely base-stable membranes. The polymers (ionomers) contain repeating units of formula: in which all of R1, R2, W, Y and Z are hydrocarbon.
Claims28
A polymer comprising a plurality of phosphazenium-containing repeating units (PRU) of formula
- wherein R1a, R1b, R1c, R1d (collectively R1) and R2b, R2c and R2d (collectively R2) are independently chosen from H, (C1-C15)alkyl, (C5-C10)cycloalkyl and a point of attachment to a bivalent (C1-C20)hydrocarbon residue;
- or
- taken together, any pair of R1, R2 form a 5 or 6-membered ring;
- W is a direct bond or (C1-C10)hydrocarbon;
- Y is a direct bond or (C1-C10)hydrocarbon;
- Z1 is a direct bond or (C1-C10)hydrocarbon;
- wavy lines indicate the points of attachment to adjacent repeating units of the polymer and
- X is any counterion.
A polymer comprising phosphazenium-containing repeating units (PRU) and optionally random or sequentially placed hydrocarbon repeating units (HRU), having the following structure:
- wherein n is from 0.05 to 1.0 and represents the mole fraction of PRU in the polymer and wherein the phosphazenium groups have the formula:
- wherein R1a, R1b, R1c, R1d (collectively R1) and R2a, R2b, R2c and R2d (collectively R2) are independently chosen from H, (C1-C15)alkyl, (C5-C10)cycloalkyl and a point of attachment to a bivalent hydrocarbon residue;
- or taken together, any pair of R1, R2 form a 5 or 6-membered ring, and wherein at least one of R2 is a point of attachment to a bivalent (C1-C20)hydrocarbon residue;
- and
- X is any counterion.
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A compound of formula:
- wherein R1a, R1b, R1c, R1d (collectively R1) and R3a, R3b, R3c and R3d (collectively R3) are independently chosen from H, (C1-C15)alkyl, (C5-C10)cycloalkyl and an aliphatic (C1-C15)hydrocarbon containing a double bond in a (C5-C8)cycloalkene;
- or, taken together, any pair of R1 and R3 form a 5 or 6-membered ring, and wherein at least one of R3 is an aliphatic (C1-C15)hydrocarbon containing a double bond in a carbocycle;
- and
- X is any counterion.
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Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.