Alkali and Alkaline-Earth Ion Batteries with Hexacyanometallate Cathode and Non-Metal Anode
AssigneeSharp Laboratories of America, Inc.
InventorsYuhao Lu, Jong-Jan Lee, Motoaki Nishijima, Seizoh Kakimoto
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Abstract
A battery structure is provided for making alkali ion and alkaline-earth ion batteries. The battery has a hexacyanometallate cathode, a non-metal anode, and non-aqueous electrolyte. A method is provided for forming the hexacyanometallate battery cathode and non-metal battery anode prior to the battery assembly. The cathode includes hexacyanometallate particles overlying a current collector. The hexacyanometallate particles have the chemical formula A′n, AmM1xM2y(CN)6, and have a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure.
Claims30
A battery with a hexacyanometallate cathode and non-metal anode, the battery comprising:
- a cathode with hexacyanometallate particles overlying a current collector, the hexacyanometallate particles having a chemical formula A′n,AmM1xM2y(CN)6, and having a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure,
- where A cations are selected from a group consisting of alkali and alkaline-earth cations;
- where A′ cations are selected from a group consisting of alkali and alkaline-earth cations;
- where M1 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
- where M2 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
- where m is in a range of 0.5 to 2;
- where x is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;
- where y is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;
- where n′ is in a range of 0 to 2;
- an electrolyte capable of conducting A cations;
- a non-metal anode;
- and,
- an ion-permeable membrane separating the anode from the cathode.
A method for forming a hexacyanometallate battery cathode, the method comprising:
- providing dried hexacyanometallate particles having a chemical formula A′mM1xM2y(CN)6 with a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure, including impurities and H2O;
- where A′ is selected from a group consisting of alkali and alkaline-earth cations;
- where M1 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
- where M2 is a metal selected from a group consisting of 2+ and 3+ valance positions;
- where n is in a range of 0.5 to 2;
- where x is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;
- where y is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5;
- mixing the hexacyanometallate particles with a binder and electronic conductor powder in a low boiling point solvent;
- drying the mixture, forming a A′hd nM1xM2y(CN)6 paste;
- coating a metal current collector with the paste, forming a cathode;
- drying the paste;
- soaking the cathode in an organic first electrolyte including a salt selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline-earth cations;
- accepting a first electric field in the first electrolyte between the cathode and a first counter electrode;
- in response to the first electric field, simultaneously removing A′ cations, impurities, and water molecules from interstitial spaces in the Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure;
- and,
- forming hexacyanometallate particles having a chemical formula of A′n,M1xM2y(CN)6, where n′<n, overlying the cathode.
A method for forming a non-metal battery anode, the method comprising:
- providing a dried non-metal electrode powder;
- mixing the dried non-metal electrode powder with a binder and an electronic conductor powder in a low boiling point solvent;
- forming a paste;
- coating a metal current collector with the paste, forming an anode;
- drying the paste;
- soaking the anode in a first organic electrolyte including a salt with metal ions;
- accepting a first electric field in the electrolyte between the anode and a metal first counter electrode;
- and,
- in response to the first electric field, forming a metal solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer overlying the anode.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.