Electronic control of ph and ionic strength

An apparatus for controlling pH and/or ionic strength in a vessel, the apparatus comprising,

• a. a vessel in fluid communication with a first side chamber and a second side chamber, wherein the vessel does not comprise an electrode;
• b. the first side chamber divided from the vessel by an anion selective membrane or a cation selective membrane, but not both, and the first side chamber comprising an electrode;
• and
• c. the second side chamber divided from the vessel by a membrane, the second vessel comprising an electrode, wherein the electrode of the first side chamber and the electrode of the second side chamber are capable of forming a circuit connected via a solution, when present, in the vessel and the first and second side chambers.