Materials and Methods for Autonomous Battery Shutdown

An autonomous battery shutdown system, comprising:

• a battery comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte composition between the anode and the cathode;
• the electrolyte composition comprising an ionically conductive liquid comprising lithium ions, and a plurality of capsules;
• the capsules comprising a capsule wall having a melting temperature between 60° C. and 120° C., and a barrier-forming agent enclosed by the capsule wall;
• where, when the temperature of the battery exceeds 120° C., the capsule wall melts, the barrier-forming substance is released, and the released barrier-forming substance forms an ion barrier that traverses the battery.

An autonomous battery shutdown system, comprising:

• a battery comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte composition between the anode and the cathode;
• the electrolyte composition comprising
• an ionically conductive liquid comprising lithium ions,
• a plurality of temperature-sensitive particles comprising a first polymer having a melting temperature between 60° C. and 120° C., and
• a plurality of thermally stable particles;
• where, when the temperature of the battery exceeds 120° C., the temperature-sensitive particles form an ion barrier that traverses the battery.