# US 2013/0157152 A1 · Metal-air battery with dual electrode anode

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- Number: US 2013/0157152 A1
- Document ID: US20130157152A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/717,215
- Filed: 2012-12-17
- Published: 2013-06-20
- Earliest claimed: 2011-12-15
- Assignees: ITN Energy Systems, Inc.
- Inventors: Bruce R. Lanning; Andrew Colclasure
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20130157152A1

## CPC

- H01M 12/08: composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
- H01M 4/13: Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
- H01M 4/8605: {Porous electrodes}
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

This disclosure describes metal air battery devices with an anode structure having a plurality of electrodes. An anode is disclosed having a metal source as well as a current collector that together function as an active, reversible, working anode. The source is used for metal-ions that are stripped and stored in the current collector. At this point the current collector contains the metal-ions to be propagated through the rest of the device. Metal-ions may be stripped from and deposited on the current collector, while metal-ions may only be stripped from the source. Upon use of the device metal-ions may be lost to the system for a variety of reasons. To counteract the loss of metal-ions, the current collector is replenished of metal-ions from the source.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A battery comprising:
an anode, the anode having:
a metal source containing a plurality of metal-ions;
a first metal-ion conducting layer in contact with the metal source;
a metal current collector in contact with the first metal-ion conducting layer;
a second metal-ion conducting layer in contact with the metal current collector;
an electrolyte in contact with the second metal-ion conducting layer; and
a cathode in contact with the electrolyte.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the metal source further comprises:
at least one of lithium, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, molybdenum, iron, nickel, carbon, graphite, graphene, and tin.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the plurality of metal-ions further comprise:
at least one of lithium-ions, zinc-ions, aluminum-ions, magnesium-ions, molybdenum-ions, iron-ions, nickel-ions, carbon-ions, and tin-ions.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the first metal-ion conducting layer comprises:
at least one of ceramic, glass, and LiPON.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the metal current collector comprises:
at least one of nickel, zinc, molybdenum, carbon, graphite, graphene, copper, and gold.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The battery of claim 5, wherein the metal current collector is nanoporous.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the second metal-ion conducting layer comprises:
at least one of ceramic, glass, LiPON, LAGP, LATP, and LLT.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a catalytically active layer.

### Claim 9 (depends on 9)

The battery of claim 9, wherein the catalytically active layer comprises:
at least one of carbon, manganese, cobalt, ruthenium, platinum, and silver.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a gas selective membrane.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a gas diffusion membrane.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises:
at least one of carbon, manganese, cobalt, ruthenium, platinum, silver, and fluoropolymer.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises:
at least one of liquid organic electrolyte, aqueous electrolyte, and solid-state electrolyte.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the battery is a solid state battery.

### Claim 15

A metal-air battery anode comprising:
a lithium source;
a first LiPON layer electrically connected with the lithium source;
a nanoporous nickel current collector electrically connected with the first LiPON layer; and
a second LiPON layer electrically connected with the nanoporous nickel current collector.

### Claim 16

A battery comprising:
an anode, the anode having:
a metal layer containing a plurality of metal-ions;
a first metal-ion conducting layer;
a current collector; and
a second metal-ion conducting layer;
an electrolyte; and
a cathode.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The battery of claim 16, wherein the metal layer comprises lithium.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The battery of claim 16, wherein the first metal-ion conducting layer and the second metal-ion conducting layer comprise at least one of ceramic, glass, and LiPON.

### Claim 19 (depends on 16)

The battery of claim 16, wherein the electrolyte is solid state.

### Claim 20 (depends on 16)

The battery of claim 16, wherein the cathode comprises porous carbon.