# US 2013/0157140 A1 · Methods of making and using electrode compositions and articles

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- Number: US 2013/0157140 A1
- Document ID: US20130157140A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 13/331,356
- Filed: 2011-12-20
- Published: 2013-06-20
- Earliest claimed: 2011-12-20
- Assignees: General Electric Company
- Inventors: Brandon Alan BARTLING; Michael Alan VALLANCE; Richard Louis HART; David Charles Bogdan, JR.
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20130157140A1

## CPC

- H01M 10/39: working at high temperature
- H01M 4/02: Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M 4/364: {as mixtures}
- H01M 4/38: of elements or alloys
- H01M 4/388: {Halogens}
- H01M 4/582: {Halogenides}
- H01M 4/625: {Carbon or graphite}
- H01M 50/434: Ceramics
- H01M 2220/10: Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A positive electrode composition is described, containing granules of at least one electroactive metal, at least one alkali metal halide and carbon black. An energy storage device and an uninterruptable power supply device are also described. Related methods for the preparation of a positive electrode and an energy storage device are also disclosed

## Claims

### Claim 1

A cathode composition, comprising granules which themselves comprise at least one electroactive metal, at least one alkali metal halide, and carbon black.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein said carbon black has a surface area between about 50 m2/gram and about 1000 m2/gram.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, wherein said carbon black has a surface area between about 50 m2/gram and about 600 m2/gram.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the electroactive metal is selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese, silver, antimony, cadmium, tin, lead, iron, zinc, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the alkali metal halide comprises at least one halide of sodium, potassium, or lithium.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the volume-to-volume ratio of the carbon black to the electroactive metal is between about 5:95 and about 70:30, inclusive.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The composition of claim 6, wherein said ratio is between 10:90 and 25:75, inclusive.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein said carbon is deposited throughout the volume of the granule in a substantially uniform distribution.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein said carbon black is thermally treated carbon black.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein said carbon black is chemically treated carbon black.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein said granule comprises nickel and iron.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein said granule comprises nickel, iron and sodium chloride.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein said granule comprises nickel, iron, sodium chloride and a metal iodide.

### Claim 14 (depends on 8)

The composition of claim 8, wherein said granule comprises nickel, iron, sodium chloride and a metal iodide.

### Claim 15

A method of forming a cathode material, comprising:
providing a powder comprising at least one electroactive metal and at least one alkali metal halide;
blending carbon black into said powder, wherein said carbon black becomes interspersed within said powder to form a non-agglomerated mixture; and
forming granules from said mixture.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein said carbon is deposited throughout the volume of the granule in a substantially uniform distribution.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein said method further comprises:
compacting said mixture into a flattened form; and
fragmenting said flattened form into granules.

### Claim 18

An article, comprising a positive electrode, which itself comprises granules comprised of at least one electroactive metal, at least one alkali metal halide and carbon black.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The article of claim 18, in the form of an energy storage device which itself comprises a cathode material, wherein said cathode material comprises granules comprising at least one electroactive metal, at least one alkali metal halide, and carbon black.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The article of claim 19, characterized as being rechargeable over a plurality of cycles.