# US 2013/0156546 A1 · Reaction-type turbine > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2013/0156546 A1 - Document ID: US20130156546A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 13/819,448 - Filed: 2011-05-24 - Published: 2013-06-20 - Earliest claimed: 2010-08-31 - Assignees: Hk Turbine Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Ki Tae Kim; Young Il Chang; Je Ho Kim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20130156546A1 ## CPC - F03B 3/00: Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto - F01D 1/32: with pressure velocity transformation exclusively in rotor, e.g. the rotor rotating under the influence of jets issuing from the rotor, {e.g. Heron turbines (the working fluid being a combustion products F02C3/165; jet propulsion plants per se F02K)} - F01D 3/00: Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid - F01D 25/164: {Flexible supports; Vibration damping means associated with the bearing} - F05D 2240/511: with permanent magnets - F05D 2240/515: Electromagnetic - Y02E 10/20: Hydro energy - Y02P 70/50: Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product - F03B: MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS (positive-displacement engines for liquid F03C; machines for liquids and gases F01; positive-displacement machines for liquids F04, rotary fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type F16H41/00) - F01D: NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES (machines or engines for liquids F03; non-positive displacement pumps F04D) - F05D: INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract According to the present invention, a reaction-type turbine includes: a housing including a housing passage between an inlet and an outlet; a turbine shaft rotatably coupled to the housing to transmit torque; and at least one nozzle assembly coupled to the turbine shaft and rotatably provided in the housing passage. The nozzle assembly includes circumferential injection holes therein for injecting a high-pressure fluid in a circumferential direction and generating torque. Accordingly, when turbines having different capacities are manufactured, common parts can be compatibly used and assembling efficiency is improved. In addition, the eccentric rotation of the turbine shaft is prevented to significantly improve the durability of the reaction-type turbine. Furthermore, since the injection holes are long, the reaction-type turbine can be miniaturized and the efficiency thereof is improved. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A reaction-type turbine comprising: a turbine shaft; and a plurality of nozzle assemblies stacked in an axial direction of the turbine shaft and coupled and integrated to the turbine shaft, each nozzle assembly having at least one injection hole therein to inject a working fluid and rotating while injecting the working fluid. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The reaction-type turbine of claim 1, wherein the nozzle assembly includes a plurality of plates overlapping and coupled to one another and the at least one injection hole is formed on an overlapping surface. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The reaction-type turbine of claim 1, wherein the nozzle hole includes an injection-suction opening connected to a housing inlet, an injection discharge opening formed in a circumferential direction and connected to a housing outlet and an injection connect opening connecting the injection-suction opening and the injection discharge opening, and at least a part of the injection connect opening is rounded. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The reaction-type turbine of claim 3, wherein the injection-suction opening includes at least one hole and is inclined in an opposite direction to a rotational direction of the nozzle assembly. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The reaction-type turbine of claim 3, wherein a projection or a guiding portion formed as a groove is disposed around the injection-suction opening to guide a fluid towards the injection-suction opening. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The reaction-type turbine of claim 3, wherein the injection connect opening includes a first injection connect opening connected to the injection-suction opening, and at least one second injection connect opening, each having an end connected to the first injection connect opening and the other end connected to the injection discharge opening, the first injection connect opening is ring-shaped, and the second injection connect opening is connected to an outer circumference of the first injection connect opening in a tangential direction and is formed linearly, having a portion rounded toward the injection discharge opening. ### Claim 7 (depends on 3) The reaction-type turbine of claim 3, wherein the injection discharge opening is disposed in a direction perpendicular to a tangent line of the nozzle assembly at a point corresponding to the injection discharge opening. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The reaction-type turbine of claim 1, wherein the nozzle assembly is configured to comprise a first plate member, a second plate member, and a ring member coupled between the first plate member and the second plate member, forming an injection space sealed by the first plate member and a second plate member, and having the at least one injection hole passing through an outer circumference of the injection space, the ring member includes injection walls, each having the injection hole formed thereon, and a supporting wall connecting the injection walls, and a direction in which a virtual line connecting the injection walls and a center of the ring member extends is substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the injection hole passes through. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The reaction-type turbine of claim 8, wherein the injection walls are radially disposed at regular intervals along a circumferential direction, and the supporting wall connects an outer circumference of an inlet-side injection wall and an inner circumference of an outlet-side injection wall. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The reaction-type turbine of claim 1, wherein a nozzle with a nozzle hole is detachably coupled to an end of the injection hole of the nozzle assembly. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The reaction-type turbine of claim 1, wherein a key groove is formed on either the nozzle assembly or the turbine shaft, and a key is formed on the other to be inserted in the key groove and supported in a rotational direction. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The reaction-type turbine of claim 1, wherein the nozzle assembly is housed in a housing to which the turbine shaft is rotatably coupled, the housing includes a housing inlet, a housing outlet, and a housing passage connecting the housing inlet and the housing outlet, the nozzle assembly is rotatably arranged in the housing passage, and an inlet and an outlet of each of the at least one injection hole are connected to the housing passage in such a manner that the housing passage and the at least one injection hole are arranged alternately. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The reaction-type turbine of claim 12, wherein a cross-sectional area of the injection hole of the nozzle assembly located in a side of the housing outlet is larger than a cross-sectional area of the injection hole of the nozzle assembly located in a side of the housing inlet. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The reaction-type turbine of claim 12, wherein a number of injection holes of the nozzle assembly located in a side of the housing outlet is greater than a number of injection holes of the nozzle assembly located in a side of the housing inlet. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The reaction-type turbine of claim 12, wherein the housing includes a first housing having the housing inlet, a second housing having the housing outlet, and a plurality of third housings stacked along an axial direction and interposed between the first housing and the second housing and having the housing passage rotatably housing the nozzle assembly, and separation plates are further disposed between neighboring housings to separate the nozzle assembly. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The reaction-type turbine of claim 15, wherein a thrust-direction thickness of the third housing increases from the first housing to the second housing. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The reaction-type turbine of claim 15, wherein a plurality of collision walls are formed on an inner circumference of the third housing, which forms the housing passage, along a circumferential direction that does not match with a direction in which a fluid is injected from the injection hole. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The reaction-type turbine of claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of collision walls includes a rounded portion and a radius of curvature of the rounded portion is smaller than a radius of curvature of the housing passage. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The reaction-type turbine of claim 15, wherein a flat portion extends from at least one side of the rounded portion. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The reaction-type turbine of claim 15, wherein a blade protruding towards the nozzle assembly is disposed on one side of the rounded portion. ### Claim 21 (depends on 15) The reaction-type turbine of claim 15, wherein a sealing member is disposed between the separation plates and the nozzle assemblies and the sealing member includes labyrinth seal. ### Claim 22 (depends on 12) The reaction-type turbine of claim 12, wherein the housing inlet and the housing outlet are disposed, respectively, at one end and the other end with respect to an axial direction. ### Claim 23 (depends on 12) The reaction-type turbine of claim 12, wherein the housing inlet is disposed in a center portion with respect to an axial direction and the housing outlet is disposed at each end with respect to the axial direction. ### Claim 24 A reaction-type turbine comprising: a housing including a housing inlet, a housing outlet and a housing passage connecting the housing inlet and the housing outlet to allow a high-pressure working fluid introduced through the housing inlet to flow to the housing outlet; a turbine shaft rotatably coupled to the housing; and at least one nozzle assembly rotatably housed in the housing passage, thereby being integrally coupled to the turbine shaft, having at least one injection hole for injecting the working fluid, and thereby being able to rotate, wherein each of the at least one nozzle assembly includes a plurality of plates overlapping and coupled to one another and the injection hole is formed on an overlapping surface of the plates. ### Claim 25 A reaction-type turbine comprising: a housing including a housing inlet, a housing outlet and a housing passage connecting the housing inlet and the housing outlet to allow a high-pressure working fluid introduced through the housing inlet to flow to the housing outlet; a turbine shaft rotatably coupled to the housing; and at least one nozzle assembly rotatably housed in the housing passage, thereby being integrally coupled to the turbine shaft, having at least one injection hole for injecting the working fluid, and thereby being able to rotate, wherein the housing includes a plurality of either or both of the housing inlet and the housing outlet and the plurality of either or both of the housing inlet and the housing outlet are arranged symmetrically around an axial direction of the turbine shaft. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The reaction-type turbine of claim 25, wherein the at least one nozzle assembly in a side of the housing inlet and in a side of the housing outlet rotate around the turbine shaft in a same direction. ### Claim 27 (depends on 25) The reaction-type turbine of claim 25, wherein the at least one nozzle assembly in a side of the housing inlet and in a side of the housing outlet rotate around the turbine shaft in opposite directions. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The reaction-type turbine of claim 27, wherein the housing includes a plurality of housing inlets, and a valve is provided to fluid feeding pipes connected to the respective housing inlets to control a direction of a working fluid flow and thereby to change a rotational direction of the turbine shaft. ### Claim 29 A reaction-type turbine comprising: a housing including a housing inlet, a housing outlet and a housing passage connecting the housing inlet and the housing outlet to allow a high-pressure working fluid introduced through the housing inlet to flow to the housing outlet; a turbine shaft rotatably coupled to the housing; and at least one nozzle assembly rotatably housed in the housing passage, thereby being integrally coupled to the turbine shaft, having at least one injection hole for injecting the working fluid, and thereby being able to rotate, wherein the housing inlet is formed at a rotational center of the nozzle assembly in an axial direction and the housing outlet is placed at a position of an outer circumference of the nozzle assembly, winding in a circumferential direction. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The reaction-type turbine of claim 29, wherein a projection with a cross-sectional area thereof decreasing toward the housing inlet is arranged at the rotational center of the nozzle assembly to guide the working fluid, which is introduced in an axial direction from the housing inlet, in a radial direction. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The reaction-type turbine of claim 30, wherein each of the at least one nozzle assembly is configured to comprise a first plate member, a second plate member, and a ring member coupled between the first plate member and the second plate member, forming an injection space sealed by the first plate member and a second plate member, and having the at least one injection hole passing through an outer circumference of the injection space, the ring member includes injection walls, each having the injection hole formed thereon, and a supporting wall connecting the injection walls, and a direction in which a virtual line connecting the injection walls and a center of the ring member extends is substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the injection hole passes through. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The reaction-type turbine of claim 31, wherein the injection walls are radially disposed at regular intervals along a circumferential direction, and the supporting wall connects an outer circumference of an inlet-side injection wall and an inner circumference of an outlet-side injection wall. ### Claim 33 (depends on 30) The reaction-type turbine of claim 30, wherein the nozzle assembly is configured to comprise a first plate member and a second plate member overlapping and coupled to the first plate member, and the injection hole is disposed on an overlapping surface of the second plate member. ### Claim 34 (depends on 30) The reaction-type turbine of claim 30, wherein a nozzle with a nozzle hole is detachably coupled to an end of the injection hole of the nozzle assembly.