Hybrid internal combustion engine and air motor system and method
AssigneeMack Trucks, Inc.
InventorChun Tai
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A hybrid internal combustion engine and air motor system is provided and includes at least one chamber having a drivable member and at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, and a reservoir connected to the chamber through at least one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve. The system further comprises a computer configured to calculate air compressor efficiency during an air compressor mode of operation and select an intake and exhaust valve opening and closing timing sequence for maximizing air compressor efficiency and/or a computer configured to calculate air motor efficiency during an air motor mode of operation and select an intake and exhaust valve opening and closing timing sequence for maximizing air motor efficiency.
Claims7
1-19. (canceled)
A method for operating a hybrid internal combustion engine and air motor system comprising at least one chamber having a drivable member and at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, and a reservoir connected to the chamber through the exhaust valve, comprising:
- in an air motor mode of operation, calculating air motor efficiency according to the following equation:
- η
-
-
- AM
- =
- efficiency
-
-
- of
-
-
- air
-
-
- motor
- =
- -
-
- W
-
- A
- and wherein
- A
- =
-
- thermodynamic
-
-
- availability
-
-
- in
-
-
- reservoir
- =
-
- (
- E
- -
- E
- o
- )
- +
- P
- o
- *
- (
- V
- -
- V
- o
- )
- -
- T
- o
- *
- (
- S
- -
- S
- o
- )
- dA=rate of change of A
- E=Internal energy of air in reservoir=f(m, Tt)
- m=mass of air in reservoir=Pt*V/(R*Tt)
- Tt=Temperature of air in reservoir
- Pt=Pressure of air in reservoir
- V=Volume of reservoir at Pt and Tt
- R=gas constant
- Eo=Internal energy of air in reservoir at ambient pressure and temperature
- Po=Ambient pressure
- Vo=Volume of air in reservoir at ambient pressure and temperature
- To=Temperature of ambient air
- S=Entropy of air in reservoir=f (Pt, Tt)
- So=Entropy of air in reservoir at ambient pressure and temperature
- POW=Engine brake power=N*Tb
- N=Engine speed (rev/time)
- Tb=Engine brake torque
- W=Engine brake work=POW dt
- dW=rate of change of W
- and
- selecting an intake and exhaust valve opening and closing timing sequence for maximizing air motor efficiency so that
- d
-
- (
- η
-
-
- AM
- )
- d
-
- (
- Valve
-
-
- Timing
- )
- =
- 0
- and
- d
- 2
-
- (
- η
-
-
- AM
- )
- d
- 2
-
- (
- Valve
-
-
- Timing
- )
- <
- 0.
A method for controlling a transition from air motor operation to internal combustion operation in a hybrid internal combustion engine and air motor system, the hybrid internal combustion engine and air motor system comprising (a) a chamber including at least one intake valve, at least one outlet valve, and a drivable member, (b) an air inlet line including, upstream of the at least one intake valve, an air inlet line valve, (c) an internal combustion engine mode exhaust line comprising an internal combustion engine mode exhaust line valve downstream of the at least one exhaust valve, (d) a compressed air line comprising a compressed air line valve downstream of the at least one exhaust valve and upstream of a reservoir, and (e) an air motor mode exhaust line comprising an air motor mode exhaust valve downstream of the at least one intake valve and the air inlet line valve, the method comprising transitioning from operation in the air motor mode to operation in the internal combustion engine mode by performing, in order, the steps of:
- a) partially opening the internal combustion engine mode exhaust line valve;
- b) partially closing the air motor exhaust line valve;
- c) partially closing the compressed air line valve;
- and
- d) completely opening the air inlet line valve after performing steps a), b), and c);
- e) changing an intake and exhaust valve opening and closing timing sequence from an air motor timing sequence to an internal combustion engine timing sequence.
22-23. (canceled)
A method for operating a hybrid internal combustion engine and air motor system comprising at least one chamber having a drivable member and at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, and a reservoir connected to the chamber through the exhaust valve, comprising:
- in an air motor mode of operation, calculating air motor efficiency (ηAM);
- and
- selecting an intake and exhaust valve opening and closing timing sequence for maximizing air motor efficiency so that
- d
-
- (
- η
-
-
- AM
- )
- d
-
- (
- Valve
-
-
- Timing
- )
- =
- 0
- and
- d
- 2
-
- (
- η
-
-
- AM
- )
- d
- 2
-
- (
- Valve
-
-
- Timing
- )
- <
- 0.
25-26. (canceled)
A hybrid internal combustion engine and air motor system comprising:
- at least one chamber having a drivable member and at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve;
- a reservoir connected to the chamber through at least one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve;
- and
- a computer configured to calculate air motor efficiency (ηAM) during an air motor mode of operation and select an intake and exhaust valve opening and closing timing sequence for maximizing air motor efficiency so that
- d
-
- (
- η
-
-
- AM
- )
- d
-
- (
- Valve
-
-
- Timing
- )
- =
- 0
- and
- d
- 2
-
- (
- η
-
-
- AM
- )
- d
- 2
-
- (
- Valve
-
-
- Timing
- )
- <
- 0.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.