Apparatus and Process for Treatment of Water

A system for treating produced water containing contaminants selected from the group of dissolved organics, free oil and grease, and TDS as silica and hardness ions, the system comprising:

• an electrocoagulation unit for treating the produced water to remove silica and hardness ions from the produced water as suspended solids to generate a pre-treated produced water stream having a LSI from −3 to 3;
• a filtration unit employing at least a membrane to remove free oil and grease from the pre-treated produced water at a temperature of at least 50° C., generating a filtered water stream with a reduced concentration of free oil and grease;
• a membrane distillation unit for removing at least 90% of dissolved organic content from the filtered water stream with a reduced concentration of free oil and grease;
• a forward osmosis unit for removing at least 90% of dissolved organic content from the filtered water stream with a reduced concentration of free oil and grease;
• wherein the units are configured in a permutable fashion for the units to be interconnected and interchangeable for the water treatment system to operate in:
• a sequential mode with the individual units running sequentially;
• a parallel mode with at least two of the units running in parallel;
• a combination of parallel and sequential mode;
• all units online;
• at least one unit online and at least one unit being idle;
• and combinations thereof.