Epidermal differentiation microrna signature and uses thereof

2-3. (canceled)

A method for evaluating a differential in epidermal differentiation existing in a sample of human epithelium, the method comprising comparing, between two layers of keratinocytes of said epithelium, levels of expression of at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-141, hsa-miR-148a, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-26a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-425, hsa-miR-92b, hsa-let-7i, hsa-miR-22, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-29b, hsa-miR-663, hsa-miR-30a and hsa-miR-30c.

A method for determining the efficacy of a treatment of an epithelium, the method comprising:

• comparing, before and after treatment, a level of expression of at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-141, hsa-miR-148a, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-26a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-425, hsa-miR-92b, hsa-let-7i, hsa-miR-22, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-29b, hsa-miR-663, hsa-miR-30a and hsa-miR-30c within keratinocytes of said epithelium;
• and
• concluding that the treatment is effective if it causes a modification in the level of expression of at least one of said miRNAs in the epithelium.

(canceled)

(canceled)

A method of treating a cutaneous pathology, the method comprising administering a modulator to a patient in need thereof and comparing, before and after treatment, a level of expression of at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-141, hsa-miR-148a, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-26a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-425, hsa-miR-92b, hsa-let-7i, hsa-miR-22, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-29b, hsa-miR-663, hsa-miR-30a and hsa-miR-30c, or an inhibitor of one of said miRNAs, wherein the cutaneous pathology is associated with at least one epidermal differentiation programme selected from the group consisting of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, ichthyoses, Netherton syndrome, pityriasis rubra pilaris, keratosis pilaris, Darier's disease, palmoplantar keratoderma and porokeratoses.

(canceled)

A method for treating an ailment linked to epidermal differentiation in non-pathological cosmetic situations, the method comprising topical application to the skin of an individual in need thereof of a miRNA selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-141, hsa-miR-148a, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-26a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-425, hsa-miR-92b, hsa-let-7i, hsa-miR-22, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-29b, hsa-miR-663, hsa-miR-30a and hsa-miR-30c, or of a miRNA inhibitor of one of said miRNAs.

A kit for determining the state of differentiation of a human keratinocyte, the kit comprising an assay for determining the expression of at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-141, hsa-miR-148a, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-26a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-425, hsa-miR-92b, hsa-let-7i, hsa-miR-22, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-29b, hsa-miR-663, hsa-miR-30a and hsa-miR-30c and information providing a reference level for expression of said miRNA or miRNAs.

A method for determining the efficacy of a treatment of an epithelium, the method comprising:

• comparing, before and after treatment, a level of expression of at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-141, hsa-miR-148a, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-26a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-425, hsa-miR-92b, hsa-let-7i, hsa-miR-22, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-29b, hsa-miR-663, hsa-miR-30a and hsa-miR-30c within keratinocytes of said epithelium;
• and
• concluding that the treatment is effective if it causes a modification in the level of expression of at least two of said miRNAs in the epithelium.