Method of Forming Graphene on a Surface

A method for forming graphene on a surface, comprising the steps of:

• forming a material substrate;
• depositing a carbon or a carbon-containing material layer (CCCM) on the surface of the material substrate;
• depositing a metal material layer on the CCCM layer to form a CCCM/metal material layer structure, the metal material layer having a bottom surface in contact with the CCCM and further having top and side surfaces not in contact with the CCCM;
• applying a heating/cooling cycle to the CCCM/metal material layer structure to diffuse carbon from the CCCM within the metal material to form a carbon-containing metal material layer, the CCCM being wholly or partially consumed during the heating/cooling cycle;
• cooling the carbon-containing metal material layer to precipitate a first graphene material (GM) onto the bottom surface of the metal material and further to precipitate a second graphene material (GM2) onto the top surface of the metal material;
• removing the GM2 from the top surface of the metal material layer;
• removing the metal material layer without removing the GM;
• and
• removing any remaining CCCM layer not consumed during the heating/cooling cycle;
• wherein the GM remains on the surface of the material substrate.