Multi-resonator wireless energy transfer for medical applications

A power source for wirelessly providing power to a mobile wireless receiver, the power source comprising:

• a power supply;
• and
• a first electromagnetic resonator coupled to the power supply and having a mode with a resonant frequency ω1, an intrinsic loss rate Γ1, and a first Q-factor Q1=ω1/2Γ1),
• wherein the first electromagnetic resonator is configured to be wirelessly coupled to at least one of a second electromagnetic resonator and a third electromagnetic resonator to provide non-radiative wireless power to at least one of the second electromagnetic resonator and the third electromagnetic resonator, the second electromagnetic resonator having a mode with a resonant frequency ω2, an intrinsic loss rate Γ2, and a second Q-factor Q2=ω2/2Γ2) and the third resonator having a mode with a resonant frequency ω3, an intrinsic loss rate Γ3, and a third Q-factor Q3=ω3/2Γ3),
• wherein at least one of the second and third electromagnetic resonators is coupled to a load associated with powering an electrically powered medical device and moveable relative to the first electromagnetic resonator,
• wherein the square root of the product of Q1 with at least one of Q2 and Q3 is greater than 100.

A mobile wireless power system, comprising:

• a first electromagnetic resonator having a mode with a resonant frequency ω1, an intrinsic loss rate Γ1, and a first Q-factor Q1=ω1/2Γ1);
• a second electromagnetic resonator having a mode with a resonant frequency ω2, an intrinsic loss rate Γ2, and a second Q-factor Q2=ω2/2Γ2);
• and
• a third electromagnetic resonator having a mode with a resonant frequency ω3, an intrinsic loss rate Γ3, and a third Q-factor Q3=ω3/2Γ3);
• wherein at least one of the electromagnetic resonators is coupled to a power supply and at least one of the electromagnetic resonators is coupled to a load associated with powering an electrically powered medical device;
• wherein at least two of the electromagnetic resonators are moveable relative to each other while transferring power;
• and
• wherein the square root of the product of at least two of the respective Q factors is greater than 100.